How to say "jointly" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • ともにJLPT N3approx.Common
    adverbThe default choice for 'jointly' or 'together', describing two or more parties doing or sharing something as one. It is common, usually written in kana, and fits both physical togetherness and abstract joint action.
    私と共ともに来きてくれませんか。↗
    Would you mind coming with me?
  • 手を携えててをたずさえて
    expressionCovers 'jointly' in the sense of cooperatively and in partnership, with a vivid image of literally joining hands. An idiomatic, less common expression suited to emphasizing collaboration between parties working side by side.
  • expression, adverbSeldom the word you want for 'jointly'; its gloss 'both; together; simultaneously' reflects uses like both parties acting at once, but it really means something happening without either side intending or initiating it, as in 'from neither one in particular'.

Use 「ともに」 for the plain adverbial sense of doing something together or jointly; 「手を携えて」 emphasizes cooperative partnership in action; 「どちらからともなく」 is rarely meant as 'jointly' and really describes something arising without either side intending it.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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