How to say "austerity" in Japanese

• 耐乏たいぼうCommon
  noun, suru verb, intransitive verbCovers austerity as voluntary privation: hardship and doing without that a person takes on by choice, rather than cuts imposed from outside. Suited to a deliberately frugal, self-denying way of living.
• 緊縮きんしゅくCommon
  noun, suru verb, transitive verbThe economic sense: curtailment and retrenchment, cutting down on spending. This is the word for austerity in fiscal and budgetary contexts, such as government austerity measures to rein in expenditure.

Choose 緊縮 for economic austerity—retrenchment and cutting spending, typically in budgets or policy—and 耐乏 for austerity as voluntary privation, hardship one deliberately accepts in one's own way of living.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 耐乏たいぼうausterity
• 緊縮きんしゅく(economic) curtailment