How to say "closed" in Japanese
Choosing the right word
- 非公開ひこうかいno-adjectiveCovers 'closed' in the sense of private or not open to the public, such as meetings or records. This is the everyday word for things deliberately withheld from public access, often glossed as closed-door or secret.
- na-adjectiveA loanword meaning simply 'closed'. It is a less common way to render the English word, and depending on the context a native Japanese word may be preferred; use it mainly where the borrowed term is natural.
- 閉域へいいきnounMatches 'closed' specifically for closed networks or similar restricted domains, as the gloss 'closed (network, e.g.)' indicates. It is a less common, technical-feeling term for a closed range or area.
- 閉鎖的へいさてきna-adjectiveDescribes a person, group, or community as insular, unsociable, or exclusive — a 'closed' mindset or atmosphere. It is not used for physically closed things; for that sense this is seldom the word you want.
- 密閉型みっぺいがたno-adjectiveMeans sealed-type, enclosed, or hermetic: 'closed' in the physical sense of a container or structure that is shut off from outside air. It is a designating term for equipment types, not a general word for closed.
Use 非公開 for information or events kept private, 「クローズド」 as the borrowed English word, 閉域 for restricted networks, 閉鎖的 for insular attitudes, and 密閉型 for sealed enclosures.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese equivalents
