How to say "ledge" in Japanese

• 棚たなJLPT N4approx.Common
  nounThe common word, understood first as 'shelf'; use it for a ledge you could set things on, such as a rock ledge, and as the natural choice when 'ledge' and 'shelf' overlap.
  その本ほんはいちばん上うえの棚たなに置おいてください。↗

  Put the book on the top shelf.
• 犬走りいぬばしり
  nounA less common building term for the narrow ledge or strip of ground along the base of a wall or building — a scarcement or berm. It is not a general word for 'ledge'.
• 出張りでばり
  nounA less common word for a projection; as 'ledge' it covers a ledge that juts out from a wall or surface, viewed as a projection rather than as a shelf.

Choose the common 棚 for a shelf-like ledge such as a rock ledge; use 「犬走り」 only in its building sense, the ledge or strip at the base of a wall, and 「出張り」 for a projecting ledge.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 棚たなshelf
• 犬走りいぬばしりscarcement
• 出張りでばりprojection
• 岩棚いわだな(rock) ledge