How to say "modification" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 変更へんこうJLPT N3approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, transitive verbThe most general word for modifying something, covering changes, alterations and revisions of plans, settings, schedules or documents. When 'modification' is neutral and unspecified, this is usually the word you want.
    その規則きそくは絶対ぜったい変更へんこうできない。↗
    The rule is utterly inflexible.
  • 改変かいへんCommon
    noun, suru verb, transitive verbCovers modification in the sense of altering the content or substance of something, such as text, data, genes or rules, often implying a substantive change from the original rather than a minor tweak.
  • 修正しゅうせいJLPT N3approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, transitive verbModification as correction or amendment: fixing errors, revising drafts or adjusting figures. Use it when the change is meant to put something right rather than simply to alter it.
    失礼しつれいですが御ご提案ていあんを修正しゅうせいさせていただきます。↗
    I beg to modify your proposal.
  • 改造かいぞうJLPT N2approx.Common
    noun, suru verb, transitive verbFor physical objects, this covers modification as remodeling or conversion, such as rebuilding a car, machine or building. It is not a good general equivalent of 'modification' for plans or text.
    地下室ちかしつを仕事場しごとばに改造かいぞうした。↗
    The basement has been made over into a workshop.
  • 変形へんけいCommon
    suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verb, no-adjectiveThis covers modification only in the sense of physical transformation or change of shape, like a deformed or metamorphosing object. For most senses of 'modification' it is not the word you want.
    私の議論ぎろんはある意味いみでは、『孤独こどくな群集ぐんしゅう』でデビュド・リースマンが行おこなった議論ぎろんを変形へんけいしたものである。↗
    In a sense, I am turning around the argument made by David Riesman in The Lonely Crowd.

For 'modification', 変更 is the general default, 修正 implies correcting errors, 改変 altering content or data, 改造 is remodeling physical things, and 変形 is physical shape transformation.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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