形容|けいようkeiyou[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdescription; expression (in words); qualification (e.g. of a noun with an adjective); modification; figurative expression; figure of speech; metaphor
- nounform; figure; appearance
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 形容する(けいようする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 形容します(けいようします) |
| Negative (nai) | 形容しない(けいようしない) |
| polite (masen) | 形容しません(けいようしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 形容せず・形容せぬ(けいようせず・けいようせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 形容した(けいようした) |
| polite (mashita) | 形容しました(けいようしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 形容しなかった(けいようしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 形容しませんでした(けいようしませんでした) |
| Te form | 形容して(けいようして) |
| Potential | 形容できる(けいようできる) |
| Passive | 形容される(けいようされる) |
| Causative | 形容させる(けいようさせる) |
| Causative passive | 形容させられる(けいようさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 形容すれば(けいようすれば) |
| tara | 形容したら(けいようしたら) |
| Volitional | 形容しよう(けいようしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 形容しましょう(けいようしましょう) |
| Imperative | 形容しろ(けいようしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Related形態けいたいWrittenWritten register: the form or style of an organization or thing, as in 「経営形態」; it stresses type, while 「形容」 is about describing in words.
- Related姿すがたNeutralA person's figure or appearance, also a state, as in 「本来の姿」; a native word with broad uses, whereas 「形容」 puts things into words.
- Related像ぞうWrittenWritten register: an image or statue, also a figurative image like 「理想像」; stresses the image as presented, not verbal description.
- Related形状けいじょうNeutralThe shape of a physical object, as in 「形状記憶」; leans toward objective description of form.
- Related外形がいけいNeutralThe shape as seen from outside; stresses outward appearance, contrasted with content.
- Related形象けいしょうWrittenWritten register: outward form, or an image giving concrete shape to an idea; often in art criticism.
- Related様さまWrittenWritten register for appearance or situation, as in 「見事な様」; also the honorific suffix 「様」 after names.
Use 「形容」 for describing something's appearance in words, as in 「形容しがたい」 and 「形容詞」; it archaically also meant outward form, close to 「形状」 and 「姿」. For the form or type of an organization, use 「形態」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


