すなわち・即ち・則ち・乃ちsunawachi[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

1. conjunctionthat is (to say); namely; i.e.
   すなわち彼かれはそれをしたくないのだ。↗

   In other words, he doesn't want to do it.
2. conjunctionprecisely; exactly; just; nothing but; neither more nor less
3. conjunction(and) thenas 〜ばすなわち...; indicates that what follows is a natural consequence

• SynonymつまりNeutralThe most common everyday way to say 'in other words' or 'in short'; 「すなわち」 is more written and formal.
• SynonymとりもなおさずWrittenA written idiom that stresses two things are exactly the same: 「それは取りも直さず失敗を意味する」.
• Related言ってみればいってみればNeutralColloquial: use it for loose, figurative phrasing, 'so to speak'. 「すなわち」 is a strict 'in other words' and leans toward written style.
• Related言いかえればNeutralUsed to rephrase something, 'in other words'; 「すなわち」 is the more written option.

For everyday 'in other words', 「つまり」 is the default; reach for 「すなわち」 in written prose and papers. Use 「取りも直さず」 to stress exact equivalence and 「言ってみれば」 for figurative comparisons.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. つまり。
2. さすれば。そうすれば。