下限|かげんkagen[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounlower limit
2. noun, mathinfimum

• SynonymミニマムNeutralLoanword for the minimum or lowest, often in design and specifications; 「下限」 is the usual choice for formal limits.
• Synonym最低限度さいていげんどNeutralThe minimum necessary level, e.g. 「最低限度の生活」; somewhat formal. 「下限」 names the lower boundary of a range.
• Synonym最下限WrittenWritten/formal emphatic form for the very lowest limit; semantically redundant and rare — 「下限」 alone is normally enough.
• Related最小限さいしょうげんNeutralKeeping something as small as possible, e.g. 「被害を最小限に抑える」; it stresses minimizing, not a boundary.
• Related最低限さいていげんNeutralThe bare minimum one should manage, common in speech, e.g. 「最低限のマナー」; 「下限」 has no sense of 'at least'.
• Related最小限度さいしょうげんどWrittenMinimum, synonymous with 「最小限」 but more at home in written prose; stresses minimizing rather than a boundary.
• Related最小値さいしょうちNeutralThe smallest value in a set of figures, e.g. temperatures or sales; 「下限」 is a boundary, which need not be an actual value taken.
• Antonym上限じょうげんNeutralThe antonym: the upper boundary of a range, e.g. 「予算の上限」.

Use 「下限」 for the lower boundary of a range, as in 「価格の下限」. Say 「最小限」 for cutting something to a minimum and 「最低限」 for the bare minimum; the opposite is 「上限」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 下したの方ほうの限界げんかい
2. 時代じだいの新あたらしい方ほうの限界げんかい
3. 下界かかいのうちで最大さいだいの数かず。もとの集合しゅうごうに対たいしていう。記号きごうはinf。
4. 定積ていせき分ぶんで、積分せきぶん区間くかんの下したの限界げんかい。下端したば。⇔上限じょうげん。