傷害|しょうがいshougai[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbinjury; inflicting bodily injury
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 傷害する(しょうがいする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 傷害します(しょうがいします) |
| Negative (nai) | 傷害しない(しょうがいしない) |
| polite (masen) | 傷害しません(しょうがいしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 傷害せず・傷害せぬ(しょうがいせず・しょうがいせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 傷害した(しょうがいした) |
| polite (mashita) | 傷害しました(しょうがいしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 傷害しなかった(しょうがいしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 傷害しませんでした(しょうがいしませんでした) |
| Te form | 傷害して(しょうがいして) |
| Potential | 傷害できる(しょうがいできる) |
| Passive | 傷害される(しょうがいされる) |
| Causative | 傷害させる(しょうがいさせる) |
| Causative passive | 傷害させられる(しょうがいさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 傷害すれば(しょうがいすれば) |
| tara | 傷害したら(しょうがいしたら) |
| Volitional | 傷害しよう(しょうがいしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 傷害しましょう(しょうがいしましょう) |
| Imperative | 傷害しろ(しょうがいしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym負傷ふしょうWrittenWritten/formal: being injured oneself, as in 「戦闘で負傷する」. 傷害 usually means injuring someone else's body and appears in 「傷害保険」.
- Synonym怪我けがCasualThe most common everyday word for an injury or wound, as in 「足を怪我した」. 傷害 is legal/insurance language, as in 「傷害事件」「傷害保険」.
- SynonymダメージCasualLoanword for damage or harm, as in 「肌へのダメージ」. 傷害 is legal/medical language and usually means injury to the body.
- Related損傷そんしょうWrittenWritten/formal: damage to objects or body tissue, as in 「脳損傷」「車体の損傷」. 傷害 applies to living things such as people or cells, not to vehicles or objects.
- Related害がいWrittenHarm or detriment in a broad sense, as in 「健康に害がある」. 傷害 means injuring people or living things, not harm in general.
- Related危害きがいWrittenWritten/formal: harm to life, health and the like, as in 「危害を加える」「健康に危害を及ぼす」. 傷害 refers specifically to causing bodily injury.
- Related毀傷きしょうWrittenWritten/formal and rare: destroying or damaging things or the body. In everyday speech use 「損傷」 or 「傷害」.
- Related傷痍しょういWrittenWritten/formal: wounds and injuries, seen mostly in set phrases like 「傷痍軍人」. 傷害 is used in 「傷害事件」「傷害保険」 and similar terms.
- Antonym保護ほごWrittenAntonym: protecting or looking after someone so they come to no harm, as in 「身柄を保護する」 — the opposite of 傷害's injuring people.
Use 「傷害」 for bodily injury to a person, both as an offence, as in 「傷害事件」, and as the injury covered by 「傷害保険」. For being injured, use 「怪我」 in everyday speech or 「負傷」 in writing; for damage to objects or body tissue, 「損傷」; for danger to life or health, 「危害」. The opposite is 「保護」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
- 人を傷付けること。


