匂う・臭う|におうniou[2]nakadaka (mid-high)

JLPT N2approx.Common
Which spelling to use
匂う匂う is the most common written form and the recommended choice for beginners; use it as your default when writing this verb.
臭う臭う is a less common written variant of the same verb; you may encounter it, but beginners should generally choose 匂う instead.
Definitions
  1. godan verb, intransitive verbto be fragrant; to smell (good)usu. 匂う
  2. godan verb, intransitive verbto stink; to smell (bad)usu. 臭う
    この辺へん臭におうんだけど。↗
    Something stinks here.
  3. godan verb, intransitive verbto glow; to be bright
  4. godan verb, intransitive verbto smack of; to show hints of
Conjugation
Dictionary form匂う(におう)
Polite (masu)匂います(においます)
Negative (nai)匂わない(におわない)
polite (masen)匂いません(においません)
classical zu / nu匂わず・匂わぬ(におわず・におわぬ)
Past (ta)匂った(におった)
polite (mashita)匂いました(においました)
Past negative (nakatta)匂わなかった(におわなかった)
polite (masen deshita)匂いませんでした(においませんでした)
Te form匂って(におって)
Potential匂える(におえる)
Passive匂われる(におわれる)
Causative匂わせる(におわせる)
Causative passive匂わせられる・匂わされる(におわせられる・におわされる)
Conditional (ba)匂えば(におえば)
tara匂ったら(におったら)
Volitional匂おう(におおう)
polite (mashou)匂いましょう(においましょう)
Imperative匂え(におえ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Transitive / intransitive pair
intransitive匂うにおう⇄transitive匂わすにおわす
秘密ひみつが匂におう
The intransitive 匂う describes a quality or atmosphere that naturally emanates from the subject itself, while the transitive 匂わす means to deliberately hint at or suggest something.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. においがあたりに漂ただよい、鼻はなに感かんじられる。
  2. においをかぐ。
  3. なんとなくそれらしい気配けはいが感かんじられる。
  4. 色いろづく。かがやく。照り映てりはえる。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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