横たえる|よこたえるyokotaeru[4]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto lay down
- ichidan verb, transitive verbto wear (a sword, etc.) at one's side
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 横たえる（よこたえる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 横たえます（よこたえます） |
| Negative (nai) | 横たえない（よこたえない） |
| polite (masen) | 横たえません（よこたえません） |
| classical zu / nu | 横たえず・横たえぬ（よこたえず・よこたえぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 横たえた（よこたえた） |
| polite (mashita) | 横たえました（よこたえました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 横たえなかった（よこたえなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 横たえませんでした（よこたえませんでした） |
| Te form | 横たえて（よこたえて） |
| Potential | 横たえられる（よこたえられる） |
| Passive | 横たえられる（よこたえられる） |
| Causative | 横たえさせる（よこたえさせる） |
| Causative passive | 横たえさせられる（よこたえさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 横たえれば（よこたえれば） |
| tara | 横たえたら（よこたえたら） |
| Volitional | 横たえよう（よこたえよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 横たえましょう（よこたえましょう） |
| Imperative | 横たえろ（よこたえろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
彼が横たわる
彼を横たえる
横たわる describes a person or thing lying down or being in a lying position on its own, while 横たえる describes someone laying another person or thing down.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Related寝るねるNeutralNeutral and the everyday word for sleeping or lying down; intransitive, for lying down yourself. 「横たえる」 lays a body or object flat.
- Related寝転ぶねころぶCasualColloquial: flopping down for a casual lie-down; intransitive. 「横たえる」 is transitive and leans written.
- Related横たわるよこたわるWrittenWritten in tone. Intransitive: to lie down, also of things stretching out ahead; pairs with transitive 「横たえる」.
- Related寝っ転がるねっころがるCasualAn even more casual variant of 「寝転がる」: flopping down anywhere; intransitive. 「横たえる」 is transitive and written in tone.
- Related横臥おうがWrittenA Sino-Japanese word for lying horizontally, rare even in formal prose. 「横たえる」 lays a body or object flat.
- Related臥せるふせるNeutralNeutral. As 「伏せる」, to place something face down or upside down, or lie prone yourself. 「横たえる」 ignores orientation — it just lays things flat.
- Related平臥へいがWrittenWritten and rare: lying flat, or being bedridden. 「横たえる」 is the transitive act of laying something flat.
- Related臥するがするWrittenStrongly literary, intransitive: to take to one's bed. Modern speech usually says 「横になる」.
- Related寝転がるねころがるNeutralNeutral: to lie down casually, near-synonym of 「寝転ぶ」; intransitive, while 「横たえる」 is transitive.
- Related臥すふすWrittenWritten: to be in bed, often from illness, as in 「病に臥す」. 「横たえる」 carries no sense of illness.
- Antonym立てるたてるNeutralNeutral antonym: to stand a horizontal thing up, as in 「棒を立てる」 — the opposite of laying it flat.
- Antonym起こすおこすNeutralNeutral antonym: to raise a person lying down or set a fallen thing upright — the reverse of 「横たえる」.
To lay a body or object flat, use 「横たえる」, as in 「体を横たえる」; it leans written. To say you yourself lie down, use 「横たわる」; for everyday lying down or sleeping, 「寝る」 or 「寝転ぶ」. The opposites are 「起こす」 and 「立てる」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
