虚偽|きょぎkyogi[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. no-adjectivefalsehood; untruth; lie; misinformation
   新聞しんぶんのさまざまな虚偽きょぎや卑俗ひぞくさにも関かかわらず。↗

   Reject all its lies and vulgarity.
2. noun, logicfallacy

• Synonym嘘うそCasualColloquial everyday word for a lie, as in 「嘘をつく」; the most common choice in speech, while 「虚偽」 is the stiff term for falsehood in legal or written statements.
• Synonym偽りいつわりWrittenWritten style for falsehood and deception, as in 「偽りのない気持ち」; broader than 「虚偽」, which is at home in legal or official wording.
• Synonym虚言きょげんWrittenWritten word for lies, as in 「虚言癖」; it stresses the act of telling lies, while 「虚偽」 stresses that the content itself is untrue.
• Synonym偽ぎNeutralMostly appears in compounds such as 「真偽」; standing alone it is rare. It points to falseness in general, not the document falsehood of 「虚偽」.
• Synonym虚妄きょもうWrittenWritten term for what is vain and untrue; it carries a Buddhist, philosophical colour that 「虚偽」 lacks.
• Synonym虚語きょごWrittenFalse or insincere talk; rare today and found mainly in classical and Buddhist texts, unlike the still-current 「虚偽」.
• Synonym偽り言いつわりごとWrittenA fabricated lie; rare in modern Japanese and archaic in flavour, where 「虚偽」 remains standard in formal writing.
• Related詐欺さぎNeutralFraud as a crime, as in 「振り込め詐欺」; use it for swindles, not for untrue statements — that is 「虚偽」.
• Related欺瞞ぎまんWrittenWritten word for deception and hoodwinking, as in 「欺瞞に満ちた」; it names the act of deceiving, while 「虚偽」 names untrue content.
• Related詭弁きべんWrittenSophistry, as in 「詭弁を弄する」; it is about twisting arguments, not about statements being untrue as in 「虚偽」.
• Related不実ふじつWrittenWritten word for unfaithfulness or what is at odds with the facts, as in 「不実な男」「不実の記載」; unlike 「虚偽」 it can describe a person.
• RelatedぺてんCasualColloquial word for a swindle, as in 「ぺてん師」; it points to the trick or scam itself, not to untrue statements as 「虚偽」 does.
• Related嘘偽りうそいつわりNeutralLies and falsehood taken together, often as 「嘘偽りのない」 for something with no falsehood at all; less tied to legal use than 「虚偽」.
• RelatedごまかしCasualColloquial word for fudging or covering things up, as in 「ごまかしが効かない」; about dodging and disguise rather than untrue content.
• Related空言そらごとWrittenWritten word for empty, untrue talk with an archaic flavour; 「虚偽」 is the normal formal choice today.
• Related欺騙きへんWrittenDeception, including military ruses; rare in modern Japanese, while 「虚偽」 stays current in legal prose.
• RelatedいかさまCasualColloquial word for cheating or trickery, as in 「いかさま賭博」; tied to gambling and games, unlike the legal 「虚偽」.
• Related不誠実ふせいじつNeutralDishonesty as an attitude, as in 「不誠実な対応」; it judges a person's conduct, while 「虚偽」 labels statements untrue.
• Related瞞着まんちゃくWrittenWritten word for deceiving people to hide the truth; rare today, whereas 「虚偽」 is alive in legal and official texts.
• Antonym真実しんじつNeutralAntonym: the truth that stands against 「虚偽」 as falsehood.
• Antonym事実じじつNeutralAntonym: what actually happened, the opposite of 「虚偽」 as untrue content.
• Antonym本当ほんとうNeutralAntonym, colloquial: what is real or true, the opposite of 「虚偽」 as the fake or false.

「虚偽」 is the formal, legal-flavoured word for falsehood in documents and statements, as in 「虚偽申告」 and 「虚偽の記載」. For everyday lies use 「嘘」; for fraud use 「詐欺」. The written synonyms each narrow the sense — 「虚言」 is the act of lying, 「欺瞞」 deception, 「詭弁」 sophistry, 「不誠実」 an attitude — so reach for them only when that shade fits. The antonyms are 「真実」 and 「事実」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 嘘うそ。偽いつわり。