結果|けっか

Means 'as a result of ~' or 'after ~'. It presents an action or process in the first clause and the outcome that followed from it in the second clause.

Neutral in tone and common in both speech and writing, especially in news, reports and explanations of how something turned out. The outcome can be positive or negative. Unlike 末に or あげく, it does not stress a long struggle or frustration, and unlike たところ it expresses a cause-and-effect link rather than a discovery.

• 末にN2「末に」attaches the same way as 「結果」, but emphasizes a long, arduous process full of twists and turns; the following clause often pairs with 「ようやく」 or 「ついに」. It is fairly literary and is not used for brief, ordinary actions. Use 「結果」 when objectively stating a conclusion.
• あげくN2「あげく」emphasizes a long, strenuous process, and the result is usually negative, carrying regret or dissatisfaction; its register is neutral. 「結果」 has an objective tone and works for both good and bad outcomes. The two attach the same way, but good outcomes generally cannot be replaced with 「あげく」.
• たところN4「たところ、…」only attaches to the verb た-form and indicates what was discovered or what result appeared after doing something (e.g. 「薬を飲んだところ、熱が下がった」), focusing on 'what happened after doing it'; the following clause often carries a sense of the unexpected, and unlike 「結果」 it does not highlight an extended process. Its register is neutral. 「結果」 can also attach to 「noun + の」, focusing on the result or decision a process brings, and is fairly literary. Note that 「たところだ」 meaning 'just did' is unrelated.
• ことになるN4「結果」attaches to a process (た-form or 「noun + の」) and introduces its result; 「ことになる」 is used at the end of a sentence to indicate an arrangement formed by someone else or by circumstances, or a calculation that something 'amounts to...', with a neutral register. The two cannot be swapped, though they can be used together.
• というわけだN1「というわけだ」 is used at the end of a sentence to draw a conclusion or explain the background based on the preceding facts ('so that's why...'), with a neutral register; 「結果」 attaches to the た-form or 「noun + の」 and introduces the actual result a process brings, and is fairly literary. The two cannot be directly swapped.

末に and あげく also mark an outcome but stress a long, effortful process (末に) or a frustrating, usually negative end (あげく), while 結果 simply states cause and effect. たところ introduces what was found after trying something, and ことになる and というわけだ are sentence-final patterns expressing a resulting decision or an explanatory conclusion rather than linking an action to its result.