How to say "advocate" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 説くとくJLPT N1approx.Common
    godan verb, transitive verbA verb for advocating an idea, doctrine, or principle by explaining and preaching it; think of calmly expounding a teaching rather than shouting for a cause.
    あの男おとこを説き伏ときふせようとするのは、オオカミに道理どうりを説といて聞きかせるようなものだ。↗
    You might as well reason with the wolf as try to persuade that man.
  • 主義者しゅぎしゃCommon
    nounA noun for a person defined by adherence to a theory or principle; it can carry the flavor of "ideologue," someone strongly committed to a creed.
  • 論者ろんしゃCommon
    nounA person who argues a case — an advocate in debate or discussion; use it when "advocate" means someone contending for a view, not a courtroom defender.
    Health advocates have pushed for laws restricting work-place smoking.
  • 弁護人べんごにんCommon
    nounThe courtroom sense of "advocate": the defense counsel who speaks for the accused at trial; when English "advocate" means a lawyer defending someone, this is the word.
    ホワイト氏しが彼かれの弁護人べんごにんとして出廷しゅっていした。↗
    Mr White appeared for him in court.
  • 叫ぶさけぶJLPT N3approx.Common
    godan verb, intransitive verbLiterally "to shout"; as "advocate" it depicts clamoring loudly for or against something — vociferous insistence or protest, not calm, reasoned advocacy.

For the verb, choose 「説く」 for expounding a doctrine or teaching and 「叫ぶ」 for clamoring loudly; among the nouns, 主義者 is an adherent of a principle, 論者 one who argues a position, and 弁護人 a defense counsel.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
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JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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