How to say "crude" in Japanese

• 粗末そまつJLPT N3approx.Common
  na-adjective, nounCovers a crude sense in the line of 'rough and plain': something made or furnished in a shabby, humble way. Use it for simple, poorly appointed houses, meals, or belongings; it often carries a speaker's apologetic nuance.
  道具どうぐを粗末そまつに使つかうな。↗

  Don't handle these tools roughly.
• 雑ざつJLPT N1approx.Common
  na-adjectiveMeans crude in the sense of rough, careless, and sloppy. It describes work done with little care or finishes that look hasty and untidy, so it suits handiwork, writing, or preparations judged slapdash rather than shoddy in material.
  お客きゃくが雑ざつな作つくりのスタンドに座すわって靴くつを磨みがいてもらっている。↗

  A customer is having his shoes shined on a slapped-together stand.
• 粗悪そあくCommon
  na-adjective, no-adjectiveMeans crude as 'coarse and inferior': goods of poor quality or bad make. It is the natural choice for shoddy, low-grade products and manufactures, emphasizing that the quality itself is defective rather than merely plain or hastily done.
• 粗雑そざつCommon
  na-adjective, nounMeans crude as coarse and rough, typically for work, handling, or construction that is done roughly and without refinement. It suggests careless, unpolished execution, and overlaps with 雑 in criticizing how something was done rather than its material quality.
  その方法ほうほうは粗雑そざつなものであったが、効果的こうかてきだった。↗

  The method was crude, but very effective.
• ぎこちないCommon
  i-adjectiveMeans crude only in the sense of awkward, stiff, or clumsy. It describes unrefined movement, gesture, or manner, such as stiff motions or an unsmooth delivery; for crude objects or materials it is seldom the word you want.
  彼かれは動作どうさがぎこちない。↗

  He is awkward in his movements.

For 'crude', choose 粗末 for humble or shabbily made things, 雑 for careless sloppiness, 粗悪 for inferior quality goods, 粗雑 for rough, careless work, and 「ぎこちない」 only for awkward, clumsy movement or skill.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 粗末そまつcrude
• 雑ざつrough
• 粗悪そあくcoarse
• 粗雑そざつcoarse
• ぎこちないawkward
• 下品げひんvulgar
• 稚拙ちせつunskillful
• 粗そcoarse
• つたないpoor-quality
• 粗鬆そそうrough
• がさつcrude
• 粗笨そほんcrude
• 生硬せいこうcrude
• おぞいcrude
• 教養のないきょうようのないcrude
• 未精製みせいせいcrude
• プリミティブprimitive
• 雑いざついcoarse
• 未成みせいuncompleted
• 野卑やひvulgar
• 粗略そりゃくcoarse
• 猥雑わいざつvulgar
• 品のないひんのないvulgar
• 生きpure
• 大雑把おおざっぱcareless (e.g. work)
• がさがさrough (of a person)
• アバウトsloppy
• 卑しいいやしいvulgar
• 荒っぽいあらっぽいrough (e.g. work)
• 露骨ろこつbroad
• 草々そうそうrough
• 泥臭いどろくさいunrefined
• 生なまinexperienced
• あらcrude