How to say "exempt" in Japanese

• 対象外たいしょうがいCommon
  no-adjectiveThe everyday way to say something is exempt from or not covered by a rule, service, or program: it is simply outside the scope of that scheme. Covers inanimate exclusion of things or people.
• エグゼンプト
  nounA loanword meaning exempt; it appears mostly in specialized business, tax, or legal jargon. For ordinary use this is seldom the word you want — reach for 対象外 instead.
• 適用外てきようがい
  expression, no-adjectiveMeans not applicable or not subject to a law, rule, or provision — it stresses that the rule itself does not apply. A close sibling of 対象外, slightly more formal and rule-focused in flavor.
• 免ずるめんずる
  ichidan verb (-zuru), transitive verbA verb meaning to exempt or excuse someone from a duty, obligation, or penalty — someone actively grants the exemption. Formal written or official register, as in exempting a student from an exam.
  この規則きそくを破やぶった人ひとは厳きびしい処罰しょばつを免めんぜられない。↗

  Anyone who breaks this rule is liable to severe punishment.
• 免じるめんじる
  ichidan verb, transitive verbA near-equivalent of 免ずる: to exempt, excuse from, or forgive. Used in formal contexts when authorities remove an obligation from a person; the two verbs are largely interchangeable.
  皿洗さらあらいめんじてやろう。↗

  I'll let you off doing the dishes.

Use 対象外 or 適用外 for being outside the scope of rules or coverage, 「免ずる」/「免じる」 for actively exempting someone from a duty, and avoid 「エグゼンプト」 except in technical financial jargon.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 対象外たいしょうがいoutside the scope (of)
• エグゼンプトexempt
• 適用外てきようがいnot applicable
• 免ずるめんずるto exempt
• 免じるめんじるto exempt