How to say "slump" in Japanese
Choosing the right word
- 暴落ぼうらくnoun, suru verb, intransitive verbA sudden, steep fall — the 'crash' side of slump. It fits prices or market values plunging sharply, and stresses the violence and speed of the drop rather than a long period of poor business.
- 不況ふきょうnounThe economic sense: a depression or recession, a stretch of depressed business activity across the economy. Choose this when 'slump' means the economy or a trade is in a downturn, not one person's form.
- 不振ふしんno-adjective, na-adjectiveDullness or stagnation: business or sales in a lackluster, inactive state rather than a sharp fall. It suits a slump seen as listless, depressed conditions — trade that is sluggish rather than crashing.
- nounThe loanword for a personal slump: a temporary spell of poor performance, as when an athlete cannot play or a writer cannot write. Use it for a person's form or condition, not for business conditions.
- 低落ていらくnoun, suru verb, intransitive verbA fall to a lower level — a decline in value, quality, or morale. Unlike 暴落 it suggests no sudden crash: it presents the slump as a plain drop from a former level.
For a personal slump in form use 「スランプ」; for the economy use 不況; for dull business conditions 不振; 暴落 is a sudden crash in prices, and 低落 a plain decline to a lower level.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese equivalents
See also
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