くださる・下さるkudasaru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)

1. godan verb (irregular), transitive verbto give; to confer; to bestow
2. godan verb (irregular), transitive verbto kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour; to favor
   もう一度いちど言いってくださいますか。↗

   Could you repeat that, please?

• Synonym与えるあたえるWrittenNeutral 'give' in written/formal prose; the subject simply hands something over, with no sense of respect. 「くださる」 is the respectful way to say a superior gives to us.
• SynonymくれるCasualThe plain, colloquial way to say someone gives to us, with no honorific sense; 「くださる」 is its honorific, used for superiors.
• Related給うたまうFormalAn archaic, formal honorific for a superior bestowing something, seen mostly in old texts or in 「〜たまえ」; in modern usage say 「くださる」.
• Antonym差し上げるさしあげるFormalPoints the opposite way from 「くださる」: a formal, humble verb for our side respectfully giving to a superior, as in 「先生に差し上げる」.
• AntonymいただくFormalSame act, opposite viewpoint: 「いただく」 humbly makes you the receiving subject, 「くださる」 makes the giver the honored one; it marks respect, not actual rank.

Use 「くださる」 when someone you treat with respect gives to you or does something for you. The plain equivalent is 「くれる」; to humbly give to such a person, use 「差し上げる」; to humbly say you received, with yourself as subject, use 「いただく」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 「与あたえる」、「くれる」の尊敬語そんけいご。
2. （補助ほじょ動詞どうし）（~して、て）くれる。