与える|あたえるataeru[0]heiban (flat)

1. ichidan verb, transitive verbto give (esp. to someone of lower status); to bestow; to grant; to confer; to present; to award
   人ひとは天てんから与あたえられるのでなければ、なにもうけることはできません。↗

   A man can receive only what is given to him from heaven.
2. ichidan verb, transitive verbto provide; to afford; to offer; to supply
3. ichidan verb, transitive verbto assign
4. ichidan verb, transitive verbto cause
5. ichidan verb, transitive verb, computingto pass (a variable to a function)

• Synonym付与ふよWrittenWritten term for granting rights, qualifications or functions, as in 「権限を付与する」; typical of legal and technical texts.
• Synonym授けるさずけるWrittenSolemn written verb for a superior conferring titles or imparting knowledge and secrets, as in 「奥義を授ける」.
• Synonym授与じゅよWrittenAwarding of certificates, degrees, medals and the like, as in 「学位授与式」; used on formal occasions.
• SynonymくれるNeutralFixed direction: someone gives to me or my side. 「与える」 does not mark direction; it is mostly superior-to-lower or an objective statement.
• Synonym供与きょうよWrittenWritten term for supplying funds, goods or technology to another party, as in 「武器供与」; found in diplomatic and legal contexts.
• SynonymくださるFormalHonorific equivalent of 「くれる」: a senior, superior or client gives to me or my side. 「与える」 carries no such respect.
• Synonym贈与ぞうよWrittenGiving money or property free of charge; a legal term, as in 「贈与税」.
• Synonym贈呈ぞうていFormalFormal presentation of gifts or prizes, as in 「記念品贈呈」; used at ceremonies.
• Synonym進呈しんていFormalHumble term for presenting, mostly in advertising and free giveaways, as in 「粗品進呈」.
• SynonymやるCasualColloquial giving to peers, juniors, animals or plants, as in 「花に水をやる」; also means to do.
• Synonym進上しんじょうFormalOld-fashioned humble term for offering something to someone; rare today, seen mainly in documents of earlier times.
• Synonym進ぜるしんぜるWrittenOld-fashioned way of giving something or doing something for someone, with an elder's tone; little used today.
• Synonym進ずるしんずるWrittenSame as 「進ぜる」: an old-fashioned term for giving or doing something for someone; essentially unused today.
• Related投与とうよWrittenMedical term for administering medicine or oxygen to a patient, as in 「薬を投与する」.
• Related譲り渡すゆずりわたすNeutralHanding over one's own possessions, rights or position to another; the focus is on transfer of ownership.
• Related差し上げるさしあげるFormalHumble equivalent of 「あげる」: my side gives while elevating the recipient; usable for seniors and clients. Also means to lift up.
• Related給うたまうWrittenArchaic honorific for a superior bestowing something; today only in old texts or fixed expressions.
• Related聞き届けるききとどけるWrittenGranting or complying with a request; it overlaps with 「与える」 only in the sense of fulfilling what someone asks for.
• Antonym奪ううばうNeutralTo take by force; the direction of action is the opposite of giving.
• AntonymもらうNeutralTo receive or accept; the reverse of 「与える」 in the direction of the exchange.

Use 「与える」 for objective statements about giving or causing an effect. In speech, direction decides: 「あげる」 to give away, 「くれる」 when someone gives to me or my side, 「やる」 for peers, juniors, animals and plants. Show respect with 「差し上げる」 (humble) or 「下さる」 (honorific). 「授与」 covers awarding prizes or degrees; 「贈呈」/「進呈」 gift presentations; 「付与」 grants of rights; 「供与」 supplies of funds or goods; 「投与」 medical administration; 「贈与」 legal donations. 「奪う」 and 「貰う」 are antonyms.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 自分じぶんの所有しょゆうする物ものを他ほかの人ひとに渡わたして、その人ひとの物ものとする。贈与ぞうよする。
2. 賞しょうや称号しょうごうなどを授与じゅよする。
3. 投与とうよする。えさや肥料ひりょうなどをやる。
4. 相手あいてのためになる情報じょうほう等とうを提供ていきょうする。
5. 利用りようできるようにする。時間じかん、条件じょうけん等とうを提供ていきょうする。
6. 割り当わりあてる。課かす。
7. 設定せっていする。入力にゅうりょくする。付与ふよする。
8. みちびく。しめす。提示ていじする。
9. （機器ききやものなどに対たいして）加くわえる。負荷ふかする。
10. 心理しんりや感性かんせいなどに影響えいきょうを及およぼす。
11. こうむらせる。