中学|ちゅうがくchuugaku[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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- nounjunior high school; middle school; lower secondary school
- Synonym中学校ちゅうがっこうNeutralThe formal name for a junior high school; 「中学」 is its shortened, everyday colloquial form.
- SynonymジュニアハイスクールNeutralA loanword for junior high schools in the US and other countries; not used in everyday speech for Japanese ones.
- Antonym高校こうこうNeutralSenior high school, the stage of schooling that comes right after junior high.
- Antonym小学校しょうがっこうNeutralElementary school, the stage of schooling that comes right before junior high.
In everyday speech, use 「中学」 for junior high; 「中学校」 is the formal name. The stage before it is 「小学校」 and the stage after it is 「高校」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


