事実上|じじつじょうjijitsujou

1. adverb, no-adjectiveas a matter of fact; actually; effectively; in reality; in effect
   彼かれの返事へんじは事実上じじつじょうは拒絶きょぜつだった。↗

   His reply was in effect a refusal.

• Synonym実質的じっしつてきNeutralSubstantial, as opposed to nominal, as in 「実質的な責任者」. 「事実上」 stresses being so in effect even without formal status.
• Synonym実際はじっさいはNeutralIn fact, actually — introduces the truth as opposed to appearances or what was said. 「事実上」 focuses on the state of effectively being so.
• Synonym実際にじっさいにNeutralAn adverb for actually, really — in deeds and results, not just in theory. 「事実上」 focuses on the state of effectively being so.
• Related事実じじつNeutralA noun meaning fact or truth. 「事実上」 is an adverb meaning in effect, in reality.
• Related実際じっさいNeutralA noun for the actual situation or reality, also used as an adverb. 「事実上」 focuses on being in a certain state in effect.
• Related現にげんにWrittenIndeed, actually — asserting something as fact based on evidence, as in 「現に昨年も事故が起きた」. 「事実上」 focuses on the effective state of things. Formal in tone.
• Antonym形式上けいしきじょうWrittenOn the form-versus-reality axis it is the opposite of 「事実上」: in form, for form's sake, lacking substance. Formal in tone.
• Antonym名目上めいもくじょうWrittenAlso the opposite of 「事実上」 on the nominal-versus-actual axis: nominally, in name only. A formal written term.

Use 「事実上」 for being so in effect, as in 「事実上の決定」 or 「事実上不可能」, often contrasted with what is nominal. For substantial use 「実質的」; for in fact use 「実際は」; for indeed, as fact use 「現に」. Antonyms: 「名目上」, 「形式上」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 実際じっさいそのような状態じょうたいであること。