合作|がっさくgassaku[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, transitive verbcollaboration; joint work
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 合作する(がっさくする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 合作します(がっさくします) |
| Negative (nai) | 合作しない(がっさくしない) |
| polite (masen) | 合作しません(がっさくしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 合作せず・合作せぬ(がっさくせず・がっさくせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 合作した(がっさくした) |
| polite (mashita) | 合作しました(がっさくしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 合作しなかった(がっさくしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 合作しませんでした(がっさくしませんでした) |
| Te form | 合作して(がっさくして) |
| Potential | 合作できる(がっさくできる) |
| Passive | 合作される(がっさくされる) |
| Causative | 合作させる(がっさくさせる) |
| Causative passive | 合作させられる(がっさくさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 合作すれば(がっさくすれば) |
| tara | 合作したら(がっさくしたら) |
| Volitional | 合作しよう(がっさくしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 合作しましょう(がっさくしましょう) |
| Imperative | 合作しろ(がっさくしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- SynonymコラボレーションNeutralA loanword for brand tie-ups and joint performances; used more often than 「合作」 in business and music.
- SynonymコラボCasualColloquial short form of 「コラボレーション」 for brand tie-ups and joint projects, mostly in business and entertainment; 「合作」 leans toward creating works together.
- Related共同きょうどうNeutralBroadly means doing something jointly, with wide use as in 「共同研究」; 「合作」 is limited to the joint creation of works.
- Related二人三脚ににんさんきゃくNeutralFrom the three-legged race; figuratively two people pressing ahead as one, stressing how closely they coordinate.
- Related共作きょうさくWrittenMeans joint creation and sits close to 「合作」, but leans toward written, formal prose.
- Antonym単独たんどくNeutralMeans doing something alone or solo; the direct opposite of 「合作」.
For jointly creating works or co-producing a film, use 「合作」; for brand tie-up projects say 「コラボ」, and for joint activity in general say 「共同」; when acting alone, use 「単独」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


