回顧|かいこkaiko[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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Definitions
- suru verb, transitive verb, no-adjectiverecollecting; reminiscing; looking back; retrospection; review
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 回顧する（かいこする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 回顧します（かいこします） |
| Negative (nai) | 回顧しない（かいこしない） |
| polite (masen) | 回顧しません（かいこしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 回顧せず・回顧せぬ（かいこせず・かいこせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 回顧した（かいこした） |
| polite (mashita) | 回顧しました（かいこしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 回顧しなかった（かいこしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 回顧しませんでした（かいこしませんでした） |
| Te form | 回顧して（かいこして） |
| Potential | 回顧できる（かいこできる） |
| Passive | 回顧される（かいこされる） |
| Causative | 回顧させる（かいこさせる） |
| Causative passive | 回顧させられる（かいこさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 回顧すれば（かいこすれば） |
| tara | 回顧したら（かいこしたら） |
| Volitional | 回顧しよう（かいこしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 回顧しましょう（かいこしましょう） |
| Imperative | 回顧しろ（かいこしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym回想かいそうNeutralRecalling scenes from one's own experience as they surface in the mind; 「回顧」 is more formal, typically reviewing a period of history or a life, as in 「回顧録」.
- Synonym追憶ついおくWrittenWritten: recollecting the past, often with fondness — the departed or the past in general; more lyrical than 「回顧」, rarely for objective summaries.
- Synonym想起そうきWrittenWritten: recalling something from before, stressing the act of a memory being called up; 「回顧」 is a deliberate look back over a stretch of the past.
- Synonym追想ついそうWrittenWritten, close to 「追憶」: recalling days gone by with longing; carries more nostalgia than 「回顧」.
- Synonym顧みるかえりみるWrittenWritten verb: looking back on and reflecting on one's past, also caring for or heeding — mostly in the negative, as in 「家庭を顧みない」.
- Synonym思い出すおもいだすNeutralThe everyday verb for remembering, including things once forgotten; 「回顧」 is a conscious look back at a stretch of one's past.
- SynonymしのぶWrittenWritten verb: remembering the departed or the past with deep feeling, as in 「故人を偲ぶ」; 「回顧」 is a more detached look back, not necessarily emotional.
- Synonym追懐ついかいWrittenWritten, archaic and rather rare: cherishing the memory of people or things from the past; 「回顧」 does not necessarily carry nostalgia.
- Synonym回視かいしWrittenExtremely rare written word: looking back, but also looking around; for everyday recalling of the past say 「回顧」 or 「振り返る」.
- Related振り返るふりかえるNeutralEveryday verb, the most common: looking back on and reflecting on the past, also turning one's head, as in 「一年を振り返る」; 「回顧」 leans written.
- Related思い起こすおもいおこすNeutralVerb: deliberately calling a memory to mind, as in 「当時を思い起こす」; can also mean pulling oneself together. More colloquial than 「回顧」.
- Related思い浮かべるおもいうかべるNeutralVerb: picturing a scene in the mind, whether a memory or imagination; in its recalling sense 「回顧」 only looks back on the past, never imagines.
- Related思い返すおもいかえすNeutralVerb: thinking over the past again, but also reconsidering or changing one's mind — a meaning 「回顧」 lacks.
- Antonym展望てんぼうNeutralAntonym: gazing far off or looking ahead at how things will go, the opposite of 「回顧」's look at the past; the two pair as 「回顧と展望」.
「回顧」 is the formal choice for reviewing history or a life, as in 「回顧録」. For personal recollection use 「回想」, for everyday looking back 「振り返る」, and for simply remembering 「思い出す」; the opposite, looking ahead, is 「展望」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
