居候|いそうろうisourou[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verblodger who pays nothing for room and board; freeloader; sponger
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 居候する(いそうろうする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 居候します(いそうろうします) |
| Negative (nai) | 居候しない(いそうろうしない) |
| polite (masen) | 居候しません(いそうろうしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 居候せず・居候せぬ(いそうろうせず・いそうろうせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 居候した(いそうろうした) |
| polite (mashita) | 居候しました(いそうろうしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 居候しなかった(いそうろうしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 居候しませんでした(いそうろうしませんでした) |
| Te form | 居候して(いそうろうして) |
| Potential | 居候できる(いそうろうできる) |
| Passive | 居候される(いそうろうされる) |
| Causative | 居候させる(いそうろうさせる) |
| Causative passive | 居候させられる(いそうろうさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 居候すれば(いそうろうすれば) |
| tara | 居候したら(いそうろうしたら) |
| Volitional | 居候しよう(いそうろうしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 居候しましょう(いそうろうしましょう) |
| Imperative | 居候しろ(いそうろうしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym冷や飯食いひやめしくいCasualColloquial and old-fashioned: a freeloader who 'eats cold rice' in someone's home; also someone treated coldly, or younger sons in olden times.
- Synonym食客しょっかくWrittenWritten, historical term for guest-retainers kept by feudal lords; by extension also a freeloader like 「居候」.
- Antonym主人しゅじんNeutralNeutral word for the head of a household or a husband — the opposite of a 「居候」 sponging off others.
- Antonym主あるじWrittenWritten and old-fashioned: the master of a house, the counterpart of the dependent 「居候」.
- Antonym亭主ていしゅCasualColloquial: the head of a household or a husband, also an innkeeper or shopkeeper — the opposite of 「居候」.
Use 「居候」 for someone living free in another person's home, as in 「友人の家に居候する」. For retainers of old lords use 「食客」; for the head of a household or husband use 「主人」 or 「亭主」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


