彫る・雕る・鐫る|ほるhoru[1]atamadaka (head-high)

JLPT N2approx.Common
えるeru[1]atamadaka (head-high)ok
Which spelling to use
彫る彫る(ほる) is the most common form and the recommended choice for beginners; use it as your default when writing this word.
雕る雕る(ほる) is a rarely used written form. Learners may encounter it, but should choose 彫る(ほる) instead.
鐫る鐫る(ほる) is a rarely used written form. Learners may encounter it, but should choose 彫る(ほる) instead.
Definitions
  1. godan verb, transitive verbto carve; to engrave; to sculpt; to chisel
    彼かれは私に木きの人形にんぎょうを彫ほってくれた。↗
    He carved me a wooden doll.
  2. godan verb, transitive verbto tattoo
Conjugation
Dictionary form彫る(ほる)
Polite (masu)彫ります(ほります)
Negative (nai)彫らない(ほらない)
polite (masen)彫りません(ほりません)
classical zu / nu彫らず・彫らぬ(ほらず・ほらぬ)
Past (ta)彫った(ほった)
polite (mashita)彫りました(ほりました)
Past negative (nakatta)彫らなかった(ほらなかった)
polite (masen deshita)彫りませんでした(ほりませんでした)
Te form彫って(ほって)
Potential彫れる(ほれる)
Passive彫られる(ほられる)
Causative彫らせる(ほらせる)
Causative passive彫らせられる・彫らされる(ほらせられる・ほらされる)
Conditional (ba)彫れば(ほれば)
tara彫ったら(ほったら)
Volitional彫ろう(ほろう)
polite (mashou)彫りましょう(ほりましょう)
Imperative彫れ(ほれ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym刻むきざむNeutralCovers cutting or chopping fine as well as carving marks into something, and can mark passing time as in 「時を刻む」; 「彫る」 focuses on shaping a form.
  • Synonym彫り刻むほりきざむWrittenTo carve deeply, stroke by stroke; it stresses the carving process more than 「彫る」 and belongs to written or formal prose.
  • Related彫刻ちょうこくNeutralA noun for sculpture as an art or a sculpted work, as in 「彫刻家」; it centers on the artistic side, while 「彫る」 is the act of carving.

Use 「彫る」 for carving or tattooing, as in 「仏像を彫る」. Choose 「刻む」 for cutting fine or marking time, 「彫り刻む」 for deep, deliberate engraving in formal prose, and 「彫刻」 for sculpture as an art.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 【彫ほる】木きや石いしなどを削けずって造形ぞうけいする。
  2. 【彫ほる】いれずみを描えがく。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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