拘留|こうりゅうkouryuu[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbcustody; detention; confinement
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 拘留する（こうりゅうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 拘留します（こうりゅうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 拘留しない（こうりゅうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 拘留しません（こうりゅうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 拘留せず・拘留せぬ（こうりゅうせず・こうりゅうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 拘留した（こうりゅうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 拘留しました（こうりゅうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 拘留しなかった（こうりゅうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 拘留しませんでした（こうりゅうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 拘留して（こうりゅうして） |
| Potential | 拘留できる（こうりゅうできる） |
| Passive | 拘留される（こうりゅうされる） |
| Causative | 拘留させる（こうりゅうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 拘留させられる（こうりゅうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 拘留すれば（こうりゅうすれば） |
| tara | 拘留したら（こうりゅうしたら） |
| Volitional | 拘留しよう（こうりゅうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 拘留しましょう（こうりゅうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 拘留しろ（こうりゅうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym留め置きとめおきNeutralNeutral word for holding people or things back, or for mail kept at the post office; 「拘留」 is specifically about detaining people.
- Synonym留置りゅうちWrittenIn written prose, often as 「留置」: covers objects and mail, e.g. mail held at the post office; 「拘留」 is used only for detaining people.
- Synonym拘禁こうきんWrittenWritten umbrella term for confinement in law, with no set stage or time limit; 「拘留」, when it names a penalty, refers specifically to a short-term one.
- Synonym拘置こうちWrittenWritten term for judicially detaining suspects, defendants, or the sentenced; when 「拘留」 names a penalty, it is a different, short-term one.
- Synonym収監しゅうかんWrittenWritten term for placing someone with a final sentence into prison, stressing the execution procedure; 「拘留」 covers holding generally, not only after sentencing.
- Synonym抑留よくりゅうWrittenUsually a state detaining foreign nationals or ships, as in 「シベリア抑留」, or short-term restraint; 「拘留」 is not limited by the detainee's nationality.
- Synonym勾留こうりゅうWrittenWritten criminal-procedure term: pretrial custody of suspects or defendants to prevent flight or evidence tampering; a homophone of 「拘留」, so context tells them apart.
- Synonym身柄拘束みがらこうそくWrittenEmphasizes the police or similar authorities physically controlling a suspect; common in news and not a penalty name, whereas 「拘留」 can also be a short-term penalty.
- Related禁錮きんこFormalFormal legal term: another freedom penalty, but confinement without forced labour; as a penalty, 「拘留」 is the light one, one day to under thirty days.
- Related投獄とうごくWrittenWritten word for putting someone in prison, stressing the act of entering jail and heavier in tone; 「拘留」 can mean custody in general or a short-term penalty.
- Related幽閉ゆうへいWrittenConfining someone in an enclosed space so they cannot leave; found mostly in history and literature, not a legal term, while 「拘留」 is common in legal contexts.
- Related検束けんそくWrittenRestraining someone's freedom of movement, and also self-restraint; rarer than 「拘留」, which stresses holding and guarding a person in custody.
- Antonym釈放しゃくほうNeutralAntonym: letting a detained person go, as in 「釈放される」; the direct opposite of 「拘留」, which puts people in custody.
- Antonym解放かいほうNeutralBroad antonym: removing restraints and setting free, including psychological liberation; stands opposite to 「拘留」.
Use 「拘留」 for holding someone after capture, or for the light penalty of one day to under thirty days. For pretrial custody say 「勾留」; for confinement in general, 「拘禁」. 「留め置き」, also written 「留置」, covers holding things or mail; 「抑留」 detaining foreigners; and 「釈放」 releasing a detainee.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
