敗北|はいぼくhaiboku[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbdefeat; loss; reverse; setback
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 敗北する(はいぼくする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 敗北します(はいぼくします) |
| Negative (nai) | 敗北しない(はいぼくしない) |
| polite (masen) | 敗北しません(はいぼくしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 敗北せず・敗北せぬ(はいぼくせず・はいぼくせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 敗北した(はいぼくした) |
| polite (mashita) | 敗北しました(はいぼくしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 敗北しなかった(はいぼくしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 敗北しませんでした(はいぼくしませんでした) |
| Te form | 敗北して(はいぼくして) |
| Potential | 敗北できる(はいぼくできる) |
| Passive | 敗北される(はいぼくされる) |
| Causative | 敗北させる(はいぼくさせる) |
| Causative passive | 敗北させられる(はいぼくさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 敗北すれば(はいぼくすれば) |
| tara | 敗北したら(はいぼくしたら) |
| Volitional | 敗北しよう(はいぼくしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 敗北しましょう(はいぼくしましょう) |
| Imperative | 敗北しろ(はいぼくしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym敗戦はいせんNeutralRefers to losing a war or a match, as in 「敗戦国」. 「敗北」 is broader, covering defeats in elections, debates and other contests as well.
- Synonym敗れるやぶれるNeutralA verb meaning to be defeated, leaning written, as in 「決勝で敗れる」. 「敗北」 is a noun.
- Synonym負けるまけるNeutralThe most common colloquial verb for losing, as in 「試合に負ける」. 「敗北」 is a formal noun.
- Synonym負けまけNeutralA colloquial noun for losing, as in 「私の負けだ」. 「敗北」 is more formal and written.
- Synonym戦敗せんぱいWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare, meaning defeat in war; in everyday speech use 「敗戦」 or 「敗北」.
- Synonym敗軍はいぐんWrittenWritten/formal prose for a defeated army. 「敗北」 focuses on the defeat itself in a match or war.
- Related敗走はいそうWrittenWritten/formal prose for fleeing in defeat, as in 「敗走する敵」. 「敗北」 focuses on the defeat itself.
- Related黒星くろぼしNeutralThe mark for a loss in a match, used in sumo and other sports; figuratively a setback, as in 「黒星を喫する」. 「敗北」 is more formal.
- Related負け戦まけいくさNeutralMeans losing a battle, or a battle doomed to be lost. 「敗北」 is broader, covering defeats in matches, elections and wars.
- Antonym勝利しょうりNeutralAntonym on the win–lose axis: victory, as in 「勝利を収める」.
- Antonym優勝ゆうしょうNeutralAntonym: winning the championship or the title.
Use 「敗北」 for defeat in a match, election or war, as in 「敗北を認める」. In casual speech, losing is 「負ける」 or 「負け」; for losing a war say 「敗戦」; a loss in the standings is 「黒星」. The antonym is 「勝利」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
- 負けること。


