破滅|はめつhametsu[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbruin; destruction; fall
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 破滅する（はめつする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 破滅します（はめつします） |
| Negative (nai) | 破滅しない（はめつしない） |
| polite (masen) | 破滅しません（はめつしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 破滅せず・破滅せぬ（はめつせず・はめつせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 破滅した（はめつした） |
| polite (mashita) | 破滅しました（はめつしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 破滅しなかった（はめつしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 破滅しませんでした（はめつしませんでした） |
| Te form | 破滅して（はめつして） |
| Potential | 破滅できる（はめつできる） |
| Passive | 破滅される（はめつされる） |
| Causative | 破滅させる（はめつさせる） |
| Causative passive | 破滅させられる（はめつさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 破滅すれば（はめつすれば） |
| tara | 破滅したら（はめつしたら） |
| Volitional | 破滅しよう（はめつしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 破滅しましょう（はめつしましょう） |
| Imperative | 破滅しろ（はめつしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym壊滅かいめつWrittenUtter destruction or annihilation; stresses a devastating blow, as in 「壊滅的」.
- Synonym破局はきょくNeutralNeutral word for a situation that can no longer hold and ends in disaster; also a romance or marriage falling apart. 「破滅」 is the total ruin of a life or career.
- Synonym滅亡めつぼうWrittenThe fall of a nation or people as a whole, as in 「ローマ帝国の滅亡」.
- Synonym滅びるほろびるNeutralNeutral verb for declining until something no longer exists, as in 「国が滅びる」; same as 「滅ぶ」. 「破滅」 is a noun, mostly for a person or undertaking ruined.
- Related災いわざわいNeutralA native word for calamity or misfortune; stresses the unhappiness something brings, not necessarily total ruin.
- Related荒廃こうはいWrittenDevastation or decay; stresses land and people's minds going to ruin, as in 「荒廃した土地」.
- Related災難さいなんNeutralCommon in speech for a sudden piece of bad luck that hits an individual; 「破滅」 is total, irreversible ruin.
- Related失墜しっついWrittenThe loss of trust, prestige or status, as in 「信用失墜」; not the destruction of the whole.
- Related没落ぼつらくWrittenThe downfall of a family or class from former prosperity, as in 「没落貴族」.
- Related惨禍さんかWrittenWritten word for a dreadful calamity; stresses the terrible damage inflicted.
- RelatedカタストロフィーWrittenLoanword for a catastrophe or tragic ending; written style, evoking a scene of dramatic collapse.
- Related衰亡すいぼうWrittenWritten word for decline and fall; a nation or civilization gradually weakening until it perishes.
- Related凋落ちょうらくWrittenLiterary word for withering — flowers and leaves falling, or influence and power fading.
- Related落魄らくはくWrittenWritten word for a person's fall into poverty and straitened circumstances.
- Related零落れいらくWrittenWritten word for a family's fortunes collapsing into decline.
- Related廃滅はいめつWrittenRare in writing; for decay into ruin modern Japanese prefers 「破滅」 or 「滅亡」.
- Related覆滅ふくめつWrittenRare in writing; complete overthrow or destruction, typically of a state or regime.
- Related滅ぶほろぶWrittenWritten verb for perishing or ceasing to exist, the same as 「滅びる」; 「破滅」 is a noun for ruin.
- Related滅するめっするWrittenWritten, rather archaic verb for going out, perishing or being wiped out.
- Antonym繁栄はんえいWrittenAntonym: prosperity — the opposite of the destruction and fall of 「破滅」.
- Antonym隆盛りゅうせいWrittenAntonym: flourishing and thriving — the opposite of 「破滅」's decline and ruin.
Use 「破滅」 for the irretrievable ruin of a life or career, as in 「身の破滅」 or 「破滅的」. For a nation falling say 「滅亡」, for a devastating blow 「壊滅」, for a situation or relationship collapsing 「破局」. 「災い」 and 「災難」 are everyday words for misfortune, and 「カタストロフィー」 a written loanword for catastrophe. Written words such as 「衰亡」「荒廃」「没落」「凋落」「落魄」「零落」「失墜」「惨禍」, and rare 「覆滅」「廃滅」, each focus on decline, ruined land, a family's fall or lost status; 「滅ぶ」「滅びる」「滅する」 are verbs of perishing. Antonyms: 「繁栄」「隆盛」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
