興奮・昂奮・亢奮|こうふんkoufun[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
興奮興奮 is the most common written form of this word and the recommended choice for beginners; use it when writing the word.
昂奮昂奮 is a kanji-only variant, but it is rarely used; learners will seldom need to choose it instead of 興奮.
亢奮亢奮 is a kanji-only variant, but it is rarely used; learners will seldom need to choose it instead of 興奮.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbexcitement; stimulation; agitation; arousal
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 興奮する（こうふんする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 興奮します（こうふんします） |
| Negative (nai) | 興奮しない（こうふんしない） |
| polite (masen) | 興奮しません（こうふんしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 興奮せず・興奮せぬ（こうふんせず・こうふんせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 興奮した（こうふんした） |
| polite (mashita) | 興奮しました（こうふんしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 興奮しなかった（こうふんしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 興奮しませんでした（こうふんしませんでした） |
| Te form | 興奮して（こうふんして） |
| Potential | 興奮できる（こうふんできる） |
| Passive | 興奮される（こうふんされる） |
| Causative | 興奮させる（こうふんさせる） |
| Causative passive | 興奮させられる（こうふんさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 興奮すれば（こうふんすれば） |
| tara | 興奮したら（こうふんしたら） |
| Volitional | 興奮しよう（こうふんしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 興奮しましょう（こうふんしましょう） |
| Imperative | 興奮しろ（こうふんしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Related熱気ねっきNeutralRefers to the heated, excited atmosphere of a place (「会場の熱気」); the focus is on the crowd's mood, not one person's feelings.
- Related熱狂ねっきょうNeutralMeans frenzy or wild enthusiasm (「ファンが熱狂する」); the emotion runs stronger than 「興奮」.
- Related気勢きせいWrittenA written/formal word for fighting spirit or momentum (「気勢を上げる」); it mostly appears in set phrases.
- Related熱血ねっけつNeutralMeans hot blood or burning zeal (「熱血漢」); it carries a bold, heroic flavor that 「興奮」 lacks.
- Related意気込みいきごみNeutralRefers to one's drive or determination to do something (「意気込みを語る」); the emphasis is on resolve, not a rush of excitement.
- Related情熱じょうねつNeutralMeans passion (「情熱を傾ける」); it stresses lasting devotion to something rather than a momentary surge of feeling.
- Related熱意ねついNeutralRefers to zeal or earnestness (「熱意を示す」); it stresses the sincere wish to do something well.
- Related活気かっきNeutralMeans liveliness or bustle (「活気のある町」); it describes a lively scene or place, not a person's inner excitement.
- Related感動かんどうNeutralMeans being deeply moved (「感動の涙」); the feeling comes from being touched by something, not from agitation.
- Related高ぶりたかぶりNeutralA noun for surging emotion or arrogance (「感情の高ぶり」); it leans written and is mostly used to describe inner states.
- Antonym鎮静ちんせいNeutralRefers to calming emotions down or sedation; it stands opposite to 「興奮」.
- Antonym冷静れいせいNeutralRefers to staying calm and composed; it stands opposite to 「興奮」.
Use 「興奮」 for emotions suddenly running high (「興奮して眠れない」「興奮気味」). For crowd frenzy say 「熱狂」, for a charged atmosphere 「熱気」, for being moved 「感動」. The opposites are 「冷静」 and 「鎮静」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
