著|ちょcho[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. noun(written) work; book
   階層かいそう問題もんだいに対たいする、消費しょうひ社会しゃかい論ろんの著ちょである。↗

   It is a literary work confronting the class problem of a consumer society.
2. suffix(written) byafter an author's name
3. nounclearness; obviousness; conspicuousness

• Synonym著作ちょさくNeutralCovers the act of writing a book and the work itself, as in 「著作権」; 「著」 is mostly a suffix, as in 「山田太郎著」.
• Synonym著書ちょしょNeutralBooks a particular person has written, as in 「彼の著書」; 「著」 mostly serves as an attribution suffix.
• Synonym書籍しょせきWrittenWritten/formal word for books and publications, used in statistics and general contexts; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix.
• Synonym書物しょもつWrittenWritten word for books and volumes, with an old-fashioned flavor; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix.
• Synonym本ほんNeutralThe most general word for a book; 「著」 is an author-attribution suffix or refers to written works.
• SynonymブックNeutralLoanword, mostly in compounds like 「ガイドブック」; 「著」 is the attribution suffix.
• Synonymご本ごほんCasualColloquial: baby talk or a polite way to say book; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix.
• Synonym書しょWrittenBook, calligraphy or documents; often used as a suffix; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix.
• Related作品さくひんNeutralWorks of art and literature in a broad sense; 「著」 means written works or serves as the attribution suffix.
• Related作さくNeutralMostly a suffix for works, as in 「代表作」「〇〇作」; 「著」 is used for writing books and written works.
• Related創作そうさくNeutralOriginal works or the act of creating them; also fabrication; 「著」 is the attribution suffix.
• Related図書としょWrittenWritten word for books, mostly in library contexts, as in 「図書館」; 「著」 is the attribution suffix.
• Related力作りきさくNeutralA work into which much effort has been poured; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix or refers to written works.
• Related労作ろうさくWrittenA work completed through great labor; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix.
• Related書き物かきものNeutralA piece of writing or the act of writing; 「著」 is the author-attribution suffix.
• Related述作じゅっさくWrittenWritten and rare: refers to writing or composing works; say 「著作」 in everyday speech.

Use 「著」 as the suffix after an author's name, as in 「〇〇著」. For the work itself say 「著作」 or 「著書」; for books in general 「本」, with 「書籍」 in written prose. For works of art use 「作品」, and for a labor of love 「力作」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. （チョ）書物しょもつを書かくこと。また、その書物しょもつ。
2. （チョ）明あきらかなこと。