途絶・杜絶|とぜつtozetsu[0]heiban (flat)
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Which spelling to use
途絶途絶 is the most common written form of this word and the form beginners should choose when writing.
杜絶杜絶 is a less common form written entirely in kanji; learners may encounter it, but should choose 途絶 when writing.
Definitions
- noun, suru verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbstoppage; interruption; cessation; suspension
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 途絶する（とぜつする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 途絶します（とぜつします） |
| Negative (nai) | 途絶しない（とぜつしない） |
| polite (masen) | 途絶しません（とぜつしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 途絶せず・途絶せぬ（とぜつせず・とぜつせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 途絶した（とぜつした） |
| polite (mashita) | 途絶しました（とぜつしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 途絶しなかった（とぜつしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 途絶しませんでした（とぜつしませんでした） |
| Te form | 途絶して（とぜつして） |
| Potential | 途絶できる（とぜつできる） |
| Passive | 途絶される（とぜつされる） |
| Causative | 途絶させる（とぜつさせる） |
| Causative passive | 途絶させられる（とぜつさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 途絶すれば（とぜつすれば） |
| tara | 途絶したら（とぜつしたら） |
| Volitional | 途絶しよう（とぜつしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 途絶しましょう（とぜつしましょう） |
| Imperative | 途絶しろ（とぜつしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym中断ちゅうだんNeutralAn ongoing activity halting midway, often with a chance of resuming; 「途絶」 stresses the cutting off of contact or supply.
- Synonym間断かんだんWrittenBreaking off at intervals; mostly in 「間断なく」; written style, stressing the gaps between stretches.
- Synonym断絶だんぜつNeutralA severance, chiefly of relationships or a family line; heavier in tone than 「途絶」.
- Synonym途切れとぎれNeutralThe gap left when something breaks off midway; stresses a temporary lapse, as of speech or contact.
- Synonym途絶えとだえWrittenSomething continuously under way temporarily ceasing; written style, typically of news, letters or the flow of people; very close to 「途絶」.
- Related停止ていしNeutralMovement or operation coming to a stop; far broader in range, from an elevator halting to business being suspended.
- Related休止きゅうしNeutralA temporary rest; stresses an intentional pause, as in 「運転休止」.
- Related中止ちゅうしNeutralA planned event being cancelled or halted midway; stresses a deliberate decision to call it off.
- Related絶え間たえまNeutralThe gap in an interruption; mostly in the negative 「絶え間なく」, meaning nonstop, without a moment's pause.
- Antonym継続けいぞくNeutralCarrying on as before; the direct opposite of 「途絶」, which is a break partway through.
- Antonym連続れんぞくNeutralOne thing after another without a break; the opposite of 「途絶」.
Use 「途絶」 for transport, communication or supply being cut off, as in 「通信が途絶する」. For an ongoing activity pausing midway, pick 「中断」; for a cancelled event, 「中止」; for severed ties, 「断絶」. Other choices: 「停止」 for movement or operations stopping, 「休止」 for a deliberate pause, 「途絶え」 and 「間断」 for written prose.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
