〜ないわけにはいかない

JLPT N1approx.Neutral
Meaning
  1. 1One is obliged to do something because of social relationships or a sense of duty toward others.Ex. 1
  2. 2One must do something because the situation or common sense makes not doing it unreasonable.Ex. 2
Formation
Verb (nai-form)+わけにはいかないe.g. 引き受ける → 引き受けないわけにはいかない; する → しないわけにはいかない
PoliteVerb (nai-form)+わけにはいきません
VariantVerb (nai-form)+わけにもいかないwith も, 'can't very well not ~'
Examples
上司じょうしに頼たのまれたら、引き受ひきうけないわけにはいかない。
If my boss asks me, I can't very well refuse to take it on.
明日あすは大事だいじな試験しけんがあるから、勉強べんきょうしないわけにはいかない。
I have an important exam tomorrow, so I have no choice but to study.
Usage

Used when the speaker feels bound by social, moral, or situational reasons rather than a formal rule, often with a nuance of reluctance. It is common in both conversation and writing, especially in explanations of why one has to do something. Unlike the plain なければならない, it emphasizes that refusing or skipping the action is not realistically acceptable.

Watch out

Note that this double negative means 'must do', not 'cannot do'. Only the affirmative form + わけにはいかない means 'cannot do'.

Do not use it for simple personal wishes. The obligation should come from social expectations, duty, or circumstances.

Learners sometimes attach it to the dictionary form. The verb must be in the ない形, as in 行かないわけにはいかない.

Easily confused with
  • わけにはいかないN3「わけにはいかない」covers a wider range: after the dictionary form it means "cannot do," the exact opposite of this pattern, while after the ない-form it is this very pattern, identical in meaning and usage.
  • ざるを得ないN2「ざるを得ない」likewise means "having no choice but to do," and the two are interchangeable in most cases, though it sounds stiffer and more literary. It attaches to the ない-form minus 「ない」, with 「する」 becoming 「せざる」, and can also follow verbs like 「認める」 to mean "cannot help but admit."
  • ないではすまない / ずにはすまないN1「ないではすまない/ずにはすまない」are close in meaning and often interchangeable, but they sound stiff and are mostly used in writing or formal situations, stressing that if you don't do it, the matter can't be settled and you won't be let off. They attach to the ない-form minus 「ない」, with 「する」 becoming 「せず」.
  • なければいけない / なければならないN4「なければならない」and the like can express rule- or law-type obligation and can also attach to adjectives and nouns, whereas 「ないわけにはいかない」attaches only to verbs and stresses the helplessness of being swayed by propriety or circumstances. Avoid using it for rule-based or legal obligations.
  • ないではおかない / ずにはおかないN1When 「ずにはおかない」expresses volition, it is an active, strong resolve to "absolutely must...," with a strong literary flavor and none of the sense of being forced. It can also take the causative form to mean "is bound to make someone...," a use that 「ないわけにはいかない」lacks.
  • よりほかないN2「よりほかない」stresses that there is no other way and leans literary, attaching to the dictionary form or the ない-form, while 「ないわけにはいかない」focuses on propriety, one's position, or circumstances not allowing it to be left undone, and is neutral in register. Both express being compelled to do something, but with different emphases.

Unlike わけにはいかない after the affirmative form ('can't do'), this means 'must do'. ざるを得ない and よりほかない stress having no other choice, ないではすまない stresses that the matter won't be settled otherwise, なければならない is a neutral general obligation, and ないではおかない means something will definitely be done or will inevitably happen.

Grammar · JLPT grammar levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

Say it right, write it right

Core lookup works fully offline, with cloud pronunciation and one-tap save & review. Free, no sign-up.

Free downloadWindowsFree downloadmacOSDownload on the App StoreGet it on Google Play
MobileiOS / Android

Android

QR code for the Google Play pageGet it on Google Play

Scan it with your Android phone to install, or search for “Tomoshi” on Google Play.

iOS

QR code for the App Store pageDownload on the App Store

Scan it with your iPhone camera to install, or search for “Tomoshi” in the App Store.

Install the browser extensionLook words up on any web page · Chrome / Edge / Safari

Screenshot of a Tomoshi lookup resultScreenshot of Tomoshi lookup results on a phone

Windows macOS Chrome / Edge / Safari extension iOS / Android