How to say "filth" in Japanese

• 汚れよごれCommon
  nounCovers dirt and stains in general: soil that marks clothes, surfaces, and the like. For 'filth' it is this ordinary dirt sense, not disgusting waste or excrement.
  汚よごれに強つよい合成皮革ごうせいひかくを使用しようした２人ふたり掛かけのソファです。↗

  This is a two-seater sofa using stain-resistant artificial leather.
• 垢あかJLPT N1approx.Common
  nounFilth as grime: dirt that accumulates, especially on the body — the layer scrubbed off in the bath. It suggests built-up grime rather than a fresh stain or spill.
  いつもあかだらけで、食事しょくじも満足まんぞくに与あたえられていない様子ようすでした。↗

  He was always filthy and looked like he wasn't given enough food.
• 汚物おぶつCommon
  nounFilth in the strong sense: excrement, urine, and other bodily waste, plus muck and garbage. Use it for disgusting refuse, not for ordinary dirt or stains on things.
  水みずの淀よどむ所ところには汚物おぶつが溜たまる。↗

  Standing pools gather filth.

Choose 「汚れ」 for ordinary dirt and stains, 垢 for grime that builds up and is scrubbed off, and 汚物 for filth in the sense of excrement, waste, or garbage.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

• 汚れよごれdirt
• 垢あかdirt
• 汚物おぶつfilth (esp. excrement, feces, urine)
• 汚穢おわいmuck