How to say "sing" in Japanese

Choosing the right word
  • 歌ううたうJLPT N5approx.Common
    godan verb, transitive verb, intransitive verbThe default word for a person singing a song, whether humming along or performing. Use this whenever 'sing' refers to human vocal music.
    ジョンはステージで何なんを歌うたいましたか。↗
    What did John sing on the stage?
  • さえずるJLPT N1approx.Common
    godan verb, intransitive verbCovers 'sing' only for birds, in the sense of chirping or twittering cheerfully. Typically written in kana; it is not used for people or songs.
    空そらで鳥とりがさえずっていた。↗
    Birds were singing in the sky.
  • 鳴くなくJLPT N5approx.Common
    godan verb, intransitive verbNot really the word for human singing; it means an animal making a sound, calling, or crying. Choose it when 'sing' describes a bird, dog, or other animal's cry.
    羊ひつじは何なんて鳴なくの?↗
    What sound does a sheep make?

Use 「歌う」 for people singing songs, 「さえずる」 for birds singing (chirping), and 「鳴く」 for animals making sounds in general; 「鳴く」 covers 'sing' only in the broad sense of animal cries.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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