うつ・鬱・欝utsu[1]atamadaka (head-high)

1. noundepression; low spirits
   留学中りゅうがくちゅうに鬱うつになったときはどうすれば？↗

   What should I do if I become depressed while studying abroad?
2. taru-adjective, adverb (with と)luxuriant (of vegetation)

• Synonym憂鬱ゆううつNeutralThe everyday word for feeling down, as in 「憂鬱な月曜日」; 「鬱」 on its own tends to suggest a depressive state or the illness, a more medical nuance.
• SynonymメランコリーNeutralLoanword for a melancholy mood, carrying a literary, artistic flavor.
• Related意気消沈いきしょうちんNeutralSet phrase for being dispirited, stressing the loss of drive and motivation.
• RelatedデプレッションNeutralLoanword for depression, and also an economic slump; leans technical.
• Related陰鬱いんうつWrittenWritten word for gloom and dreariness, describing moods, weather, or atmosphere, as in 「陰鬱な気分」; not a name for the illness.
• Related憂愁ゆうしゅうWrittenWritten, literary word for sorrow and melancholy; not a medical term.
• Related沈鬱ちんうつWrittenWritten word for a gloomy, overcast mood or expression; not a name for the illness.
• Related鬱気うっきWrittenA sense of gloom pressing on the mind; rare, written-style, and not a medical term.
• Related気鬱きうつWrittenA depressed, heavy mood; rare and written-style, formerly also used for the illness depression.
• Related抑鬱よくうつWrittenMedical term for depression, as in 「抑鬱状態」; formal.
• RelatedメランコリアWrittenLoanword for melancholia, medical and artistic in flavor; rare.
• Related意気阻喪いきそそうWrittenWritten set phrase for being disheartened, stressing lost courage.
• Related暗愁あんしゅうWrittenSorrow weighing quietly on the mind; an archaic, literary written word.
• Antonym快かいWrittenPleasantness, the opposite of 「鬱」; mostly seen in compounds like 「爽快」.
• Antonym晴れやかはれやかNeutralA bright, clear state of mind — the opposite of gloomy 「鬱」.

Use 「鬱」 for a depressive state or the illness itself, as in 「鬱になる」「躁鬱」. For everyday low spirits say 「憂鬱」; in medical contexts 「抑鬱」; for losing one's drive 「意気消沈」. The opposite is 「晴れやか」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. （ウツ）継続的けいぞくてきに気きがふさがる精神せいしん状態じょうたい。