乞う・請う|こうkou[1]atamadaka (head-high)
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- godan verb (irregular), transitive verbto beg; to ask; to request; to invite
- godan verb (irregular), transitive verbto pray; to wish
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 乞う(こう) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 乞います(こいます) |
| Negative (nai) | 乞わない(こわない) |
| polite (masen) | 乞いません(こいません) |
| classical zu / nu | 乞わず・乞わぬ(こわず・こわぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 乞った(こった) |
| polite (mashita) | 乞いました(こいました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 乞わなかった(こわなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 乞いませんでした(こいませんでした) |
| Te form | 乞って(こって) |
| Potential | 乞える(こえる) |
| Passive | 乞われる(こわれる) |
| Causative | 乞わせる(こわせる) |
| Causative passive | 乞わせられる・乞わされる(こわせられる・こわされる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 乞えば(こえば) |
| tara | 乞ったら(こったら) |
| Volitional | 乞おう(こおう) |
| polite (mashou) | 乞いましょう(こいましょう) |
| Imperative | 乞え(こえ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym頼むたのむNeutralFor asking a favor or making a request; the most colloquial of the group. 「乞う」 is more written-style and carries a nuance of pleading.
- Synonym願うねがうNeutralCovers wishing and requesting, and sounds more polite. 「乞う」 is more literary, best known from set phrases like 「乞うご期待」.
- Synonym求めるもとめるNeutralUsed for demanding or seeking something, as in 「説明を求める」. 「乞う」 leans toward earnest pleading.
- Related望むのぞむNeutralExpresses expectation or desire. 「乞う」 is a plea directed at the other party.
In written prose, use 「乞う」 to beg or plead, as in 「許しを乞う」; in speech say 「頼む」. Use 「願う」 for wishes and requests, 「求める」 for demands, and 「望む」 for expectations.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


