併存・並存|へいぞんheizon[0]heiban (flat)

Common
へいそんheison[0]heiban (flat)
Which spelling to use
併存併存 is the more common of the two kanji-only spellings and is the form learners are more likely to encounter.
並存並存 is a less common kanji-only variant; beginners should nevertheless use 並存 as their default spelling.
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbcoexistence
Conjugation
Dictionary form併存する(へいぞんする)
Polite (masu)併存します(へいぞんします)
Negative (nai)併存しない(へいぞんしない)
polite (masen)併存しません(へいぞんしません)
classical zu / nu併存せず・併存せぬ(へいぞんせず・へいぞんせぬ)
Past (ta)併存した(へいぞんした)
polite (mashita)併存しました(へいぞんしました)
Past negative (nakatta)併存しなかった(へいぞんしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)併存しませんでした(へいぞんしませんでした)
Te form併存して(へいぞんして)
Potential併存できる(へいぞんできる)
Passive併存される(へいぞんされる)
Causative併存させる(へいぞんさせる)
Causative passive併存させられる(へいぞんさせられる)
Conditional (ba)併存すれば(へいぞんすれば)
tara併存したら(へいぞんしたら)
Volitional併存しよう(へいぞんしよう)
polite (mashou)併存しましょう(へいぞんしましょう)
Imperative併存しろ(へいぞんしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym共存きょうぞんNeutralNeutral and common in daily use; stresses different things living or existing together, as in 「自然との共存」, with a nuance of harmony. 「併存」 is mere side-by-side existence.
  • Synonym両立りょうりつNeutralNeutral; means two things can both hold true at once — balancing them, as in 「仕事と家庭の両立」 or 「安全性と利便性の両立」. 「併存」 only says things exist side by side.
  • Antonym排他はいたWrittenWritten/formal prose; the idea of shutting out outsiders or other things — the direct opposite of 「併存」, where several things exist alongside one another.

For several things simply existing side by side, use 「併存」 — a written-style word, as in 「新旧の制度が併存する」. Choose 「共存」 for living together in harmony, 「両立」 when two things can both be maintained. 「排他」 is the opposite: exclusion.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. いくつかの物ものが並ならんで存在そんざいすること。並存へいそん。
Kanji in this word

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