並ぶ・列ぶ・双ぶ|ならぶnarabu[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
Which spelling to use
並ぶ並ぶ is the most common kanji-and-kana spelling; beginners should choose it when writing this verb.
列ぶ列ぶ is a kanji-and-kana variant of 並ぶ, but it is rarely used; learners will seldom need to choose it.
双ぶ双ぶ is a kanji-and-kana variant of 並ぶ, but it is rarely used; learners will seldom need to choose it.
Definitions
- godan verb, intransitive verbto line up; to stand in a line
- godan verb, intransitive verbto rival; to match; to equal
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 並ぶ（ならぶ） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 並びます（ならびます） |
| Negative (nai) | 並ばない（ならばない） |
| polite (masen) | 並びません（ならびません） |
| classical zu / nu | 並ばず・並ばぬ（ならばず・ならばぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 並んだ（ならんだ） |
| polite (mashita) | 並びました（ならびました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 並ばなかった（ならばなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 並びませんでした（ならびませんでした） |
| Te form | 並んで（ならんで） |
| Potential | 並べる（ならべる） |
| Passive | 並ばれる（ならばれる） |
| Causative | 並ばせる（ならばせる） |
| Causative passive | 並ばせられる・並ばされる（ならばせられる・ならばされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 並べば（ならべば） |
| tara | 並んだら（ならんだら） |
| Volitional | 並ぼう（ならぼう） |
| polite (mashou) | 並びましょう（ならびましょう） |
| Imperative | 並べ（ならべ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Transitive / intransitive pair
人々が店の前に並ぶ
並ぶ focuses on the subjects themselves forming a line (as in 人々が店の前に並ぶ), while 並べる emphasizes an agent deliberately arranging items in order (as in 店長が商品を棚に並べる).
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym立ち並ぶたちならぶNeutralFor buildings, trees and similar things standing in rows, as in 「ビルが立ち並ぶ」; the subject is usually a thing, not a person.
- Synonym整列せいれつWrittenWritten/formal prose for lining up neatly in order, as in 「整列してください」; typical in school and military settings.
- Synonym堵列とれつWrittenWritten/formal prose for many people lined up side by side in one row; very rare in use.
- Related行列ぎょうれつNeutralA noun for the queue that forms, long or short, as in 「行列ができる店」.
- Related匹敵ひってきWrittenWritten/formal prose for ability or value being on the same level, as in 「プロに匹敵する」; stresses measuring up to someone.
- Related比肩ひけんWrittenWritten/formal prose for being on a par with someone, keeping pace with them, as in 「比肩する者がない」.
- Related肩を並べるかたをならべるNeutralAn idiom for standing shoulder to shoulder or being evenly matched in ability; more vivid than 「並ぶ」.
- Antonym散らばるちらばるNeutralThe opposite of 「並ぶ」: things scattered here and there instead of forming a line.
- Antonym乱れるみだれるNeutralThe opposite of 「並ぶ」: a line or an order falling into disarray, as in 「列が乱れる」.
Default to 「並ぶ」 for lining up in a row or rivaling someone. Use 「立ち並ぶ」 for buildings or trees standing in rows, 「行列」 for a long queue, 「整列」 for neat, ordered alignment, and 「匹敵」 or 「肩を並べる」 for equal ability.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
See also
