切腹|せっぷくseppuku[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbseppuku; harakiri; ritual suicide by disembowelment
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbseppuku as a death penalty (where the convict is decapitated by a second as they make the motions to disembowel themself; Edo period)
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 切腹する(せっぷくする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 切腹します(せっぷくします) |
| Negative (nai) | 切腹しない(せっぷくしない) |
| polite (masen) | 切腹しません(せっぷくしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 切腹せず・切腹せぬ(せっぷくせず・せっぷくせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 切腹した(せっぷくした) |
| polite (mashita) | 切腹しました(せっぷくしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 切腹しなかった(せっぷくしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 切腹しませんでした(せっぷくしませんでした) |
| Te form | 切腹して(せっぷくして) |
| Potential | 切腹できる(せっぷくできる) |
| Passive | 切腹される(せっぷくされる) |
| Causative | 切腹させる(せっぷくさせる) |
| Causative passive | 切腹させられる(せっぷくさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 切腹すれば(せっぷくすれば) |
| tara | 切腹したら(せっぷくしたら) |
| Volitional | 切腹しよう(せっぷくしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 切腹しましょう(せっぷくしましょう) |
| Imperative | 切腹しろ(せっぷくしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym腹切りはらきりCasualNative word with the kanji of 「切腹」 reversed; colloquial and a bit slangy, and the term familiar to foreigners (harakiri).
- Related割腹かっぷくWrittenWritten-style word for taking one's own life by disembowelment; in modern usage mostly in news reports and historical accounts.
For a samurai's ritual suicide by disembowelment, 「切腹」 is the usual choice. 「腹切り」 is the colloquial variant, familiar to foreigners; 「割腹」 is written style, today mainly in news and historical accounts.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


