危ぶむ|あやぶむayabumu[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- godan verb, transitive verbto fear; to doubt; to have misgivings about; to worry about; to be anxious about; to be apprehensive about
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 危ぶむ（あやぶむ） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 危ぶみます（あやぶみます） |
| Negative (nai) | 危ぶまない（あやぶまない） |
| polite (masen) | 危ぶみません（あやぶみません） |
| classical zu / nu | 危ぶまず・危ぶまぬ（あやぶまず・あやぶまぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 危ぶんだ（あやぶんだ） |
| polite (mashita) | 危ぶみました（あやぶみました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 危ぶまなかった（あやぶまなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 危ぶみませんでした（あやぶみませんでした） |
| Te form | 危ぶんで（あやぶんで） |
| Potential | 危ぶめる（あやぶめる） |
| Passive | 危ぶまれる（あやぶまれる） |
| Causative | 危ぶませる（あやぶませる） |
| Causative passive | 危ぶませられる・危ぶまされる（あやぶませられる・あやぶまされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 危ぶめば（あやぶめば） |
| tara | 危ぶんだら（あやぶんだら） |
| Volitional | 危ぶもう（あやぶもう） |
| polite (mashou) | 危ぶみましょう（あやぶみましょう） |
| Imperative | 危ぶめ（あやぶめ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym恐れるおそれるNeutralChiefly 'to be afraid'; it can also mean worrying that something bad may happen. 「危ぶむ」 has no sense of fear: it doubts the outcome, and leans to written prose.
- Synonym心配しんぱいNeutralThe everyday word for worrying, and it also covers caring for someone. 「危ぶむ」 leans written and is reserved for fearing a bad outcome.
- Synonym憂えるうれえるWrittenWritten: to fret over the future or the state of things, as in 「将来を憂える」; it can also mean to grieve. Its tone is heavier than 「危ぶむ」.
- Related危惧きぐWrittenNoun or suru verb for fearing a bad outcome, as in 「危惧を抱く」「絶滅危惧種」. The closest word to 「危ぶむ」, and likewise at home in written prose.
- Related懸念けねんWrittenConcern or worry, as in 「懸念が残る」「懸念材料」; a staple of news reporting and far commoner than 「危ぶむ」 in formal writing.
- Related憂慮ゆうりょWrittenDeep concern, as in 「事態を憂慮する」; often used of situations or developments, with a heavier, more formal tone than 「危ぶむ」.
- Related不安がるふあんがるNeutralDescribes visible unease — anxious looks or restless behaviour — usually about someone else. 「危ぶむ」 is an inward judgment that something may turn out badly.
- Related案ずるあんずるWrittenWritten-flavoured: it can cover someone's safety or how things may go, as in 「身を案ずる」, and also means to devise plans. 「危ぶむ」 stresses doubt that things will go smoothly.
- RelatedビクつくCasualColloquial: to be jittery or flinch with fear, describing timid behaviour. 「危ぶむ」 is a cool-headed judgment that the outcome may be bad.
- Antonym信じるしんじるNeutralTo believe something is true or to trust someone — the opposite of 「危ぶむ」, which doubts the outlook and fears things may go wrong.
- Antonym確信するNeutralTo be certain that something is or will be so — the opposite of 「危ぶむ」, which doubts the outcome and harbours misgivings.
Use 「危ぶむ」 when you fear something may not turn out well, as in 「成功を危ぶむ」「安否を危ぶむ」; it leans to written style. In everyday speech say 「心配する」; in formal writing 「懸念」 or 「憂慮」 fit better, and for plain fear use 「恐れる」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
