参列|さんれつsanretsu[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbattendance; participation; presence
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 参列する（さんれつする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 参列します（さんれつします） |
| Negative (nai) | 参列しない（さんれつしない） |
| polite (masen) | 参列しません（さんれつしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 参列せず・参列せぬ（さんれつせず・さんれつせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 参列した（さんれつした） |
| polite (mashita) | 参列しました（さんれつしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 参列しなかった（さんれつしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 参列しませんでした（さんれつしませんでした） |
| Te form | 参列して（さんれつして） |
| Potential | 参列できる（さんれつできる） |
| Passive | 参列される（さんれつされる） |
| Causative | 参列させる（さんれつさせる） |
| Causative passive | 参列させられる（さんれつさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 参列すれば（さんれつすれば） |
| tara | 参列したら（さんれつしたら） |
| Volitional | 参列しよう（さんれつしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 参列しましょう（さんれつしましょう） |
| Imperative | 参列しろ（さんれつしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym出席しゅっせきNeutralThe most versatile word: attending meetings, classes and the like. 「参列」 is mostly for solemn occasions such as ceremonies and funerals.
- Synonym列席れっせきWrittenWritten style for sitting in on a meeting or banquet; stresses taking a seat among those present rather than the ceremony itself.
- Synonym臨席りんせきFormalFormal: attending ceremonies and other formal occasions, often as 「ご臨席を賜る」; 「参列」 frames it as attending as one member of the rite.
- Synonym列座れつざWrittenWritten and rare: taking a seat in a row at a gathering or ceremony; the emphasis is on being seated with the others, not on the rite.
- Related参会さんかいWrittenWritten but rare: attending a meeting. The focus is on meetings, not on ceremonies or funerals.
- Related参加さんかNeutralThe everyday word for joining or taking part in an activity; not restricted to ceremonies and formal rites.
- Related来場らいじょうNeutralComing to the venue itself; often for visitors or spectators at halls and stadiums, as in 「ご来場」.
- Related連なるつらなるNeutralTo stretch in a row; also to join as one member of a group, a written-style usage.
- Related来会らいかいWrittenWritten style: coming to a gathering in order to attend; stresses arriving at the venue from outside.
- Related来臨らいりんFormalHonorific for the arrival of a distinguished guest; mostly seen on invitations as 「ご来臨」.
- Related臨場りんじょうWrittenWritten style: personally being present on the spot; stresses actually being there, as in 「臨場感」.
- Related顔出しかおだしNeutralColloquial for putting in an appearance; stresses a brief, informal showing of one's face rather than full attendance.
- Related列するれっするWrittenLiterary verb: to be ranked among, or attend as, a member of a group; bookish and old-fashioned.
- Antonym欠席けっせきNeutralAntonym: absence from a class or meeting; the opposite of attending a ceremony as 「参列」 does.
- Antonym不参ふさんWrittenWritten style for not attending a meeting or event; the opposite of 「参列」, much like a written 「欠席」.
Use 「参列」 for attending ceremonies, funerals and other formal gatherings, as in 「葬儀に参列する」 or 「参列者」. For meetings and classes say 「出席」; for sitting in on a meeting, 「列席」; for formal occasions, 「臨席」; for just showing your face, 「顔出し」. The opposite is 「欠席」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
