受難|じゅなんjunan[0]heiban (flat)
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- noun, suru verbsufferings; ordeals; agony
- noun, suru verb, ChristianityPassion (of Christ); crucifixion
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 受難する(じゅなんする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 受難します(じゅなんします) |
| Negative (nai) | 受難しない(じゅなんしない) |
| polite (masen) | 受難しません(じゅなんしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 受難せず・受難せぬ(じゅなんせず・じゅなんせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 受難した(じゅなんした) |
| polite (mashita) | 受難しました(じゅなんしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 受難しなかった(じゅなんしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 受難しませんでした(じゅなんしませんでした) |
| Te form | 受難して(じゅなんして) |
| Potential | 受難できる(じゅなんできる) |
| Passive | 受難される(じゅなんされる) |
| Causative | 受難させる(じゅなんさせる) |
| Causative passive | 受難させられる(じゅなんさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 受難すれば(じゅなんすれば) |
| tara | 受難したら(じゅなんしたら) |
| Volitional | 受難しよう(じゅなんしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 受難しましょう(じゅなんしましょう) |
| Imperative | 受難しろ(じゅなんしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym苦しむくるしむNeutralEveryday verb for suffering or agonizing; 「受難」 leans written/formal, covering undergoing calamity and specifically Christ's Passion.
- Related苦悩くのうWrittenWritten word for mental anguish; it centres on inner torment, while 「受難」 centres on hardship suffered from outside.
- Related喘ぐあえぐNeutralA verb for gasping or struggling through hardship, as in 「不況に喘ぐ」; it stresses barely scraping by in adversity rather than suffering calamity.
- Antonym幸福こうふくNeutralHappiness and well-being; the everyday antonym standing opposite the suffering of 「受難」.
- Antonym安楽あんらくWrittenWritten word for comfort and ease, free of care; contrasts with the hardship of 「受難」.
Use 「受難」 for enduring calamity or hardship, as in 「受難の時代」, and for Christ's Passion. For everyday suffering say 「苦しむ」, inner anguish 「苦悩」, struggling in adversity 「喘ぐ」; the opposites are 「幸福」 and 「安楽」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


