咀嚼|そしゃくsoshaku[0]heiban (flat)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbchewing; mastication
- noun, suru verb, transitive verbdigestion (e.g. of words); assimilation; comprehension; appreciation
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 咀嚼する(そしゃくする) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 咀嚼します(そしゃくします) |
| Negative (nai) | 咀嚼しない(そしゃくしない) |
| polite (masen) | 咀嚼しません(そしゃくしません) |
| classical zu / nu | 咀嚼せず・咀嚼せぬ(そしゃくせず・そしゃくせぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 咀嚼した(そしゃくした) |
| polite (mashita) | 咀嚼しました(そしゃくしました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 咀嚼しなかった(そしゃくしなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 咀嚼しませんでした(そしゃくしませんでした) |
| Te form | 咀嚼して(そしゃくして) |
| Potential | 咀嚼できる(そしゃくできる) |
| Passive | 咀嚼される(そしゃくされる) |
| Causative | 咀嚼させる(そしゃくさせる) |
| Causative passive | 咀嚼させられる(そしゃくさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 咀嚼すれば(そしゃくすれば) |
| tara | 咀嚼したら(そしゃくしたら) |
| Volitional | 咀嚼しよう(そしゃくしよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 咀嚼しましょう(そしゃくしましょう) |
| Imperative | 咀嚼しろ(そしゃくしろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym噛むかむNeutralThe most common word for biting and chewing; also fumbling one's words. 「咀嚼」 is the more written term and also covers digesting and understanding content.
- Synonym噛み砕くかみくだくNeutralChews something to pieces; figuratively, reworks difficult content into plain language, with the focus on explaining it to others.
- Related噛み潰すかみつぶすNeutralChews something up, with the nuance of crushing it. Often seen in 「苦虫を噛み潰したよう」.
- Antonym丸呑みまるのみNeutralSwallowing food whole, or accepting a story or explanation without questioning it; the opposite of the careful, deliberate 「咀嚼」.
For chewing in medical contexts, or in written prose for digesting and understanding content, use 「咀嚼」. 「噛む」 is the everyday word for chewing; 「噛み砕く」 for making hard content easy to grasp; 「丸呑み」 is its opposite, taking things in whole.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only


