営み|いとなみitonami[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounactivity; action; performance; execution
2. nounoccupation; business; work
3. nounsexual intercourse; sex
4. nounpreparations

• Synonym活動かつどうNeutralThe most versatile word for activity, focusing on action in progress; 「営み」 centers on people's day-to-day living and work and carries a literary feel.
• Synonym行いおこないNeutralDeeds and conduct viewed through a moral lens — it judges character and does not cover the daily livelihood that 「営み」 describes.
• Synonym行動こうどうNeutralAction in the sense of putting things into practice, as in 「行動力」; it says nothing about daily life or living.
• Synonym行為こういWrittenA written, formal word for acts, at home in legal and academic prose like 「違法行為」; more objective than 「営み」.
• Synonym働きはたらきNeutralWork or function, stressing labor and what something does, as in 「働きぶり」; 「営み」 frames it as daily living instead.
• Synonym営為えいいWrittenA rare written word for human activity and endeavor, very close in sense to 「営み」.
• Antonym休みやすみNeutralRest or time off — the opposite of 「営み」's sense of an ongoing round of daily work and living.
• Antonym停止ていしNeutralA halt or stoppage, standing against 「営み」's picture of daily life going on and on.

Use 「営み」 for the daily life, work, or natural operation that goes on day after day, as in 「人々の営み」「生命の営み」. For activity in general say 「活動」, for acts 「行為」, for conduct 「行い」; the opposites are 「休み」 and 「停止」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. いとなむこと。仕事しごと。
2. 生業せいぎょう。経営けいえい。
3. 勤行ごんぎょう。
4. 性交せいこう