因習・因襲|いんしゅうinshuu[0]heiban (flat)

1. nounconvention; tired tradition; old customnegative nuance
   科学かがくの進歩しんぽは因襲いんしゅうによってしばしば阻害そがいされた。↗

   Progress in science was often barred by convention.

• Synonym慣習かんしゅうNeutralNeutral word for customs and practices generally established in society; unlike 「因習」 it carries no pejorative, hidebound nuance.
• Synonym旧習きゅうしゅうWrittenWritten/formal prose for old customs of the past, with a dated feel; close to 「因習」 but with a milder negative tinge.
• Synonym古例これいWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare; conventions handed down from antiquity, leaning toward the sense of precedent.
• Synonym俗習ぞくしゅうNeutralNeutral; habits repeatedly practiced in the secular world, leaning toward folk customs among ordinary people.
• Synonym旧例きゅうれいWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare; old rules that have continued unbroken, neutral and without the pejorative force of 「因習」.
• Synonym旧套きゅうとうWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare; outdated ways of doing things, with a hidebound feel.
• Synonym古格こかくWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare; ancient forms and etiquette, concerned with formal style rather than folk customs.
• Related慣行かんこうWrittenWritten/formal prose; practices widely carried out as a matter of habit, typical of business and administrative fields.
• Related慣例かんれいNeutralNeutral; conventions formed by repeated practice, the ordinary way things are done.
• Related風習ふうしゅうNeutralNeutral; customs of a particular place, everyday habits handed down locally.
• Related習わしならわしNeutralNeutral; practices that have become habitual, an ordinary word for customs.
• Related習俗しゅうぞくWrittenWritten/formal prose; folk manners and customs of a region, leaning toward the folklore-studies sense.
• Related定例ていれいWrittenWritten/formal prose; events held on a fixed schedule or established practice, as in 「定例会議」; no negative tinge.
• Related恒例こうれいWrittenWritten/formal prose; events held regularly at the same time each year, an established fixture.
• Related伝統でんとうNeutralNeutral; cultural traditions handed down over time, usually positive, though 「悪しき伝統」 is also said.
• RelatedしきたりNeutralNeutral; practices handed down through the generations, used of families, local communities and companies.
• RelatedトラディションNeutralLoanword for tradition; inherited styles and practices of a group or culture, leaning positive.
• Related遺風いふうWrittenWritten/formal prose; customs and influence left behind by people of the past, leaning positive.
• Related常例じょうれいWrittenWritten/formal prose and rare; the usual way of doing things, neutral and free of the hidebound pejorative of 「因習」.
• Antonym革新かくしんWrittenWritten/formal prose; reform or innovation that breaks with the old, the direct opposite of hidebound 「因習」.

Use 「因習」 for binding, outdated conventions with a negative charge, as in 「因習にとらわれる」. For neutral customs and established practice pick 「慣習」 or 「しきたり」; 「伝統」 is for cultural heritage handed down, usually positive. 「慣例」「定例」「恒例」 cover routine or regularly held events, 「風習」 and 「習わし」 everyday local customs, 「慣行」 business and administrative practice. Written 「旧習」「旧例」 etc. also carry the dated, old-fashioned feel, and 「遺風」 praises what predecessors left. Antonym 「革新」: reform, breaking with the old.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

1. 古来こらい伝つたわる（好このましくない）風習ふうしゅう。