婉曲|えんきょくenkyoku[0]heiban (flat)

JLPT N1approx.Common
Definitions
  1. na-adjective, nouneuphemistic; circumlocutory; periphrastic; roundabout; indirect
Conjugation
Plain form婉曲(えんきょく)
Polite (desu)婉曲です(えんきょくです)
Negative (dewa nai)婉曲ではない(えんきょくではない)
polite (dewa arimasen)婉曲ではありません(えんきょくではありません)
Past (datta)婉曲だった(えんきょくだった)
Past negative (dewa nakatta)婉曲ではなかった(えんきょくではなかった)
Te form (de)婉曲で(えんきょくで)
Adverbial (ni)婉曲に(えんきょくに)
Conditional (nara)婉曲なら(えんきょくなら)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym遠まわしとおまわしNeutralA noun for beating around the bush, as in 「遠まわしに断る」; colloquial, while 「婉曲」 leans written and centers on euphemistic wording.
  • Related間接的かんせつてきNeutralAn adjectival noun meaning indirect, as in 「間接的な影響」; broader in scope than 「婉曲」 and not limited to wording or speech.
  • Related回りくどいまわりくどいNeutralAn adjective for tediously roundabout talk, as in 「回りくどい説明」; it carries a negative nuance that 「婉曲」 lacks.
  • Antonym露骨ろこつNeutralMeans blatant or explicit, as in 「露骨な表現」; the opposite of 「婉曲」.
  • Antonym直截ちょくせつNeutralMeans plain and straightforward, as in 「直截な表現」; the direct opposite of 「婉曲」.

To word things euphemistically instead of saying them outright, use 「婉曲」 (「婉曲に断る」「婉曲な表現」), which leans written; colloquially say 「遠まわし」. 「回りくどい」 is for tediously roundabout talk; the opposites are 「直截」 and 「露骨」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 間接かんせつ的てきな。遠とおまわしな。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

JLPT vocabulary levels are community estimates, not official (no official lists have been published since the 2010 revision).

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