憤る|いきどおるikidooru[3]nakadaka (mid-high)
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Definitions
- godan verb, intransitive verbto be angry; to resent; to be enraged; to be indignant
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 憤る（いきどおる） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 憤ります（いきどおります） |
| Negative (nai) | 憤らない（いきどおらない） |
| polite (masen) | 憤りません（いきどおりません） |
| classical zu / nu | 憤らず・憤らぬ（いきどおらず・いきどおらぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 憤った（いきどおった） |
| polite (mashita) | 憤りました（いきどおりました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 憤らなかった（いきどおらなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 憤りませんでした（いきどおりませんでした） |
| Te form | 憤って（いきどおって） |
| Potential | 憤れる（いきどおれる） |
| Passive | 憤られる（いきどおられる） |
| Causative | 憤らせる（いきどおらせる） |
| Causative passive | 憤らせられる・憤らされる（いきどおらせられる・いきどおらされる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 憤れば（いきどおれば） |
| tara | 憤ったら（いきどおったら） |
| Volitional | 憤ろう（いきどおろう） |
| polite (mashou) | 憤りましょう（いきどおりましょう） |
| Imperative | 憤れ（いきどおれ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym怒るおこるNeutralThe everyday, most common word for getting angry, and also for scolding; more colloquial and outwardly expressed than 「憤る」.
- Synonym立腹りっぷくWrittenWritten/formal noun for getting angry or taking offense; the honorific form is 「ご立腹」.
- Related憤激ふんげきWrittenWritten/formal word for flying into a rage; the anger is fiercer and more intense than the indignation of 「憤る」.
- Related憤慨ふんがいWrittenWritten/formal noun for strong indignation at something unfair; very close to 「憤る」 and often interchangeable with it.
- Related悲憤ひふんWrittenWritten/formal noun for grief and indignation felt together; unlike 「憤る」 it carries an added layer of sorrow.
- Related悲憤慷慨ひふんこうがいWrittenWritten four-character idiom for grieving and raging at the unfairness of the times; more literary than 「憤る」 and tied to lamenting the world's ills.
- Related怨嗟えんさWrittenWritten/formal word for deep, smoldering resentment and sighing; leans toward an accumulated grudge rather than the anger of 「憤る」.
- Related怨恨えんこんWrittenWritten/formal noun for a grudge held over a long time; leans toward enmity rather than the anger of 「憤る」.
- Antonym喜ぶよろこぶNeutralAntonym: to be delighted or glad; the opposite of the indignation of 「憤る」.
Use 「憤る」 for indignation at injustice or wrongdoing, as in 「不正に憤る」; it is written/formal. For everyday anger choose 「怒る」. As a written noun, 「憤慨」 (or 「憤り」) is close in meaning. 「憤激」 is a fiercer rage, 「悲憤」 adds sorrow, 「怨恨」 and 「怨嗟」 are long-held grudges, and the opposite of indignation is 「喜ぶ」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
