戯れる|たわむれるtawamureru[4]nakadaka (mid-high)
This browser can't play pronunciations (needs Safari 18.4 or later, or Chrome / Edge / Firefox).
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto be playful; to gambol; to be amused (with something); to play; to sport; to frolic; to joke
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto flirt with
- ichidan verb, intransitive verbto have elegance; to have refinement
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 戯れる(たわむれる) |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 戯れます(たわむれます) |
| Negative (nai) | 戯れない(たわむれない) |
| polite (masen) | 戯れません(たわむれません) |
| classical zu / nu | 戯れず・戯れぬ(たわむれず・たわむれぬ) |
| Past (ta) | 戯れた(たわむれた) |
| polite (mashita) | 戯れました(たわむれました) |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 戯れなかった(たわむれなかった) |
| polite (masen deshita) | 戯れませんでした(たわむれませんでした) |
| Te form | 戯れて(たわむれて) |
| Potential | 戯れられる(たわむれられる) |
| Passive | 戯れられる(たわむれられる) |
| Causative | 戯れさせる(たわむれさせる) |
| Causative passive | 戯れさせられる(たわむれさせられる) |
| Conditional (ba) | 戯れれば(たわむれれば) |
| tara | 戯れたら(たわむれたら) |
| Volitional | 戯れよう(たわむれよう) |
| polite (mashou) | 戯れましょう(たわむれましょう) |
| Imperative | 戯れろ(たわむれろ) |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
- Synonym遊ぶあそぶNeutralThe everyday, all-purpose word for playing or having fun; 「戯れる」 is more literary, with a playful or flirtatious literary flavor.
- SynonymふざけるNeutralColloquial: to joke around or act the fool, with an unserious, improper tinge; 「戯れる」 is more refined and elegant.
- Related遊び戯れるあそびたわむれるWrittenWritten style, meaning to frolic and romp; rare. Close to 「戯れる」 but puts more emphasis on playing to your heart's content.
- Related弄ぶもてあそぶNeutralTransitive: to fiddle with something in your hands, or to toy with someone's feelings or handle them at will; the latter use is derogatory.
- RelatedじゃれあうNeutralColloquial: for cats, dogs or children romping together; stresses mutual frolicking, while 「戯れる」 need not involve another party.
- Antonym真面目にするNeutralTo take things seriously; the opposite of the playful romping of 「戯れる」, and used only rarely.
For everyday playing, use 「遊ぶ」; for cats, dogs or kids romping together, 「じゃれ合う」. In written prose for frolicking or flirting, use 「戯れる」, as in 「波と戯れる」; for fiddling with things or toying with feelings, 「弄ぶ」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
- 遊ぶ。
- ふざける。おどける。
- 異性に悪戯する。


