投降|とうこうtoukou[0]heiban (flat)

Common
Definitions
  1. noun, suru verb, intransitive verbsurrender
Conjugation
Dictionary form投降する(とうこうする)
Polite (masu)投降します(とうこうします)
Negative (nai)投降しない(とうこうしない)
polite (masen)投降しません(とうこうしません)
classical zu / nu投降せず・投降せぬ(とうこうせず・とうこうせぬ)
Past (ta)投降した(とうこうした)
polite (mashita)投降しました(とうこうしました)
Past negative (nakatta)投降しなかった(とうこうしなかった)
polite (masen deshita)投降しませんでした(とうこうしませんでした)
Te form投降して(とうこうして)
Potential投降できる(とうこうできる)
Passive投降される(とうこうされる)
Causative投降させる(とうこうさせる)
Causative passive投降させられる(とうこうさせられる)
Conditional (ba)投降すれば(とうこうすれば)
tara投降したら(とうこうしたら)
Volitional投降しよう(とうこうしよう)
polite (mashou)投降しましょう(とうこうしましょう)
Imperative投降しろ(とうこうしろ)

Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.

Synonyms & antonyms
  • Synonym降伏こうふくNeutralSurrendering after defeat and submitting to the enemy, as in 「無条件降伏」. Close to 投降 in meaning and more common in conversation.
  • Synonym降参こうさんCasualColloquial: admitting defeat or giving in, and also being beaten by something, as in 「この暑さには降参だ」. Broader in use than 投降.
  • SynonymギブアップCasualLoanword for giving up or conceding, used in sports and everyday speech. Colloquial.
  • Synonym屈服くっぷくNeutralYielding to pressure, as in 「圧力に屈服」; stresses mental submission rather than surrendering to an enemy.
  • Related下るくだるNeutralVerb mainly meaning to go down or (of an order or judgment) be handed down; also to surrender, as in 「敵に下る」, though that sense is rare.
  • Related帰伏きふくWrittenWritten word for submitting to or going over to a side, also religious devotion; rare.
  • Related伏するふくするWrittenVerb for prostrating oneself or yielding to power; written style, uncommon.
  • Antonym抵抗ていこうNeutralAntonym: resisting or opposing; the opposite of surrendering.
  • Antonym反抗はんこうNeutralAntonym: defying or refusing to obey authority; the opposite of yielding or surrendering.

Use 「投降」 for admitting defeat and giving oneself up to the enemy, as in 「敵に投降する」. For defeat and submission to the enemy say 「降伏」; colloquial giving-in is 「降参」; yielding to pressure is 「屈服」; the opposite is 「抵抗」.

Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only

Japanese definitions
  1. 敵てきに降参こうさんすること。
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also

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