反抗|はんこうhankou[0]heiban (flat)
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Definitions
- noun, suru verb, intransitive verbopposition; resistance; insubordination; defiance; hostility; rebellion
Conjugation
| Dictionary form | 反抗する（はんこうする） |
|---|---|
| Polite (masu) | 反抗します（はんこうします） |
| Negative (nai) | 反抗しない（はんこうしない） |
| polite (masen) | 反抗しません（はんこうしません） |
| classical zu / nu | 反抗せず・反抗せぬ（はんこうせず・はんこうせぬ） |
| Past (ta) | 反抗した（はんこうした） |
| polite (mashita) | 反抗しました（はんこうしました） |
| Past negative (nakatta) | 反抗しなかった（はんこうしなかった） |
| polite (masen deshita) | 反抗しませんでした（はんこうしませんでした） |
| Te form | 反抗して（はんこうして） |
| Potential | 反抗できる（はんこうできる） |
| Passive | 反抗される（はんこうされる） |
| Causative | 反抗させる（はんこうさせる） |
| Causative passive | 反抗させられる（はんこうさせられる） |
| Conditional (ba) | 反抗すれば（はんこうすれば） |
| tara | 反抗したら（はんこうしたら） |
| Volitional | 反抗しよう（はんこうしよう） |
| polite (mashou) | 反抗しましょう（はんこうしましょう） |
| Imperative | 反抗しろ（はんこうしろ） |
Common forms generated by rule; see the senses for honorific or irregular usage.
Synonyms & antonyms
- Synonym楯突くたてつくCasualColloquial: talking back to a superior or elder and refusing their orders; pejorative, as in 「親に楯突く」.
- Synonym歯向かうはむかうNeutralTurning on the strong from a weak position, as in 「強者に歯向かう」; a verb with a sharper edge than 「反抗」.
- Synonym抵抗ていこうNeutralResisting outside force or power, also psychological aversion; broader than 「反抗」 and not limited to defiance of superiors.
- Synonym逆らうさからうNeutralA verb for defying or going against, also for moving against the current; 「反抗」 is mostly a noun, as in 「反抗期」.
- Synonym反発はんぱつNeutralFeeling resistance to someone's words or actions and rejecting them, as in 「反発を招く」; mainly emotional pushback, also physical rebound.
- Synonym反するはんするWrittenUsually in the pattern 「～に反する」: being contrary to something, or violating rules and wishes, as in 「規則に反する」; not specifically about defying a superior.
- Synonym抗うあらがうWrittenWritten/formal prose: refusing to submit to fate, trends and the like; literary in flavor, while 「反抗」 is typically about defying superiors.
- Synonym手向かうてむかうNeutralDefying another's power or orders, as in 「親に手向かう」; rare today — 「歯向かう」 or 「逆らう」 is the usual choice.
- Synonym抗するこうするWrittenWritten/formal prose: resisting or opposing, as in 「時流に抗する」; rare in modern use — say 「逆らう」 in speech.
- Related反逆はんぎゃくWrittenWritten/formal prose: betraying a ruler or regime, as in 「反逆罪」; much heavier — 「反抗」 is usually just disobedience to elders or authority.
- Related立ち向かうたちむかうNeutralBravely confronting difficulties or a strong opponent; positive nuance, while 「反抗」 is about defying authority.
- Related抗戦こうせんWrittenWritten/formal prose: fighting in resistance; mostly in war contexts, whereas 「反抗」 is not limited to armed force.
- Related対抗たいこうNeutralContending or competing with a rival, as in 「対抗試合」 or 「権力に対抗する」; the counterpart can be an equal or a power, while 「反抗」 is always disobedience to elders or authority.
- Related反乱はんらんWrittenWritten/formal prose: rising in revolt against a ruler, as in 「反乱軍」; implies armed action, more intense than 「反抗」.
- Related戦うたたかうNeutralTo fight, struggle, or compete; broad in scope and not specifically about defying elders or authority.
- Related抗弁こうべんWrittenWritten/formal prose: rebutting or pleading one's case, in law a formal defense; confined to words, while 「反抗」 is usually disobedience in action.
- Related背くそむくWrittenWritten/formal prose: violating orders or betraying; leans toward noncompliance, whereas 「反抗」 stresses active defiance.
- Related抗議こうぎNeutralFormally lodging an objection, as in 「抗議デモ」; about voicing opposition, not disobedience.
- Related敵対てきたいWrittenWritten/formal prose: treating someone as an enemy and opposing them, as in 「敵対関係」; not limited to hierarchical relations, while 「反抗」 is typically aimed upward.
- Related反対はんたいNeutralHolding an opposing opinion; about taking a stance, while 「反抗」 is about disobedience in action.
- Related抗うあらがうWrittenWritten/formal prose: refusing to submit to fate, trends and the like; literary in flavor, while 「反抗」 is typically about defying superiors.
- Related背反はいはんWrittenWritten/formal prose: going against orders or self-contradiction; rare today — say 「背く」/「違反する」 for violation, 「矛盾」 for contradiction. 「反抗」 has no such sense.
- Related抗拒こうきょWrittenWritten/formal prose: resisting and refusing to obey; very rare today — 「抵抗」 or 「拒否」 is the normal choice.
- Antonym服従ふくじゅうWrittenAntonym: obeying orders or another's will, as in 「命令に服従する」 — the direct opposite of 「反抗」.
- Antonym従順じゅうじゅんNeutralAntonym: docile and obedient, as in 「従順な性格」 — the opposite of defiant 「反抗」.
- Antonym恭順きょうじゅんFormalFormal, written style: reverently obeying orders with a solemn tone — the opposite of 「反抗」.
Use 「反抗」 for disobedience toward elders or authority, as in 「反抗期」. For the verb, say 「逆らう」; 「抵抗」 covers resisting outside force, 「反発」 emotional pushback, 「反逆」 betraying a regime. 「楯突く」 is colloquial talking-back, 「歯向かう」 the weak turning on the strong, 「立ち向かう」 bravely facing a challenge, 「対抗」 rivalry with an equal or a power, 「戦う」 fighting in general. Several others are written-style or heavier; the opposites are 「服従」 and 「従順」.
Usage comparisons are AI-assisted and cross-checked by multiple models; for study reference only
Japanese definitions
Kanji in this word
English equivalents
See also
